{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"3dbdb0de-b140-4663-a78e-429e74d8b488","title":"超文化：文化与全球化","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787521748666","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"3dbdb0de-b140-4663-a78e-429e74d8b488","id":"3dbdb0de-b140-4663-a78e-429e74d8b488","uuid":"3dbdb0de-b140-4663-a78e-429e74d8b488","title":"超文化：文化与全球化","normalized_title":"超文化文化与全球化","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787521748666","isbns":["9787521748666"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":112,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/3dbdb0de-b140-4663-a78e-429e74d8b488","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%B6%85%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%EF%BC%9A%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%8E%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8C%96","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/3dbdb0de-b140-4663-a78e-429e74d8b488/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/3dbdb0de-b140-4663-a78e-429e74d8b488/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/3dbdb0de-b140-4663-a78e-429e74d8b488","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/3dbdb0de-b140-4663-a78e-429e74d8b488/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/3dbdb0de-b140-4663-a78e-429e74d8b488/search"},"page":{"printed_page":20,"pdf_page":25,"physical_index":25,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"3c9af4ef2733565f00949901d3631a52295cc0483bf7115262bed136991d8854"},"chapter":"Hyperkulturalität","content":"“麦当劳文化”或“可口可乐文化”等流行语，并不能准确反映文化的实际动态。麦当劳是改换名称从而更具象征意义的事物投射出的映像，这种映像掩盖了实际情况。世界上的中餐馆可能比麦当劳连锁店还多；在巴黎，人们吃寿司可能比汉堡包还多。西方现代餐饮也经常引入亚洲美食元素。在亚洲，麦当劳充其量只是当地美食的一种调剂，就连供应的餐食也必须适应相应国家的饮食习惯。来自美国的不只麦当劳，还有融合食物或融合料理。这是一种混合菜肴，应用了超文化下的多种香料、食材和烹饪形式。这种超料理(Hypercuisine)并没有削弱饮食文化的多样性，不会盲目地把所有东西都“一锅炖”，相反，它要依靠差异，并创新形式。由此，超料理创造了一种多样性，一种在一味保持地方菜肴纯正性的情况下无法产生的多样性。因此，全球化和多样性并不相互排斥。\n\n乔治·瑞泽尔（George Ritzer)在《社会的麦当劳化》(Die McDonaldisierung der Gesellschaft) 中将麦当劳抬举为世界合理化的密码。[23]也许，世界上许多生活领域都被效率、可计算性或可预测性等合理化命令控制。然而，这些合理化命令无法消除世界上各种各样的口味，或者说无法消除香料和气味的多样性。全球化不等同于合理化。出于对多样性的恐惧，柏拉图曾谴责香料的使用和西西里岛食物的多样性。但是，文化不会遵循逻辑，它比人们认为的更加不可计算、不合逻辑。强制统一和认同不会成为全球化的推进力量。超文化性(Hyperkulturalität)正展现出倍增效应(vervielfältigend)。\n\n20\n\n超文化","previous_page":null,"next_page":21}