{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"40a3f275-dceb-470a-bbee-bc0e239a0e05","title":"新异化的诞生：社会加速批判理论大纲","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208149083","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"40a3f275-dceb-470a-bbee-bc0e239a0e05","id":"40a3f275-dceb-470a-bbee-bc0e239a0e05","uuid":"40a3f275-dceb-470a-bbee-bc0e239a0e05","title":"新异化的诞生：社会加速批判理论大纲","normalized_title":"新异化的诞生社会加速批判理论大纲","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208149083","isbns":["9787208149083"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":187,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/40a3f275-dceb-470a-bbee-bc0e239a0e05","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%96%B0%E5%BC%82%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%9E%E7%94%9F%EF%BC%9A%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%E5%A4%A7%E7%BA%B2","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/40a3f275-dceb-470a-bbee-bc0e239a0e05/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/40a3f275-dceb-470a-bbee-bc0e239a0e05/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/40a3f275-dceb-470a-bbee-bc0e239a0e05","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/40a3f275-dceb-470a-bbee-bc0e239a0e05/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/40a3f275-dceb-470a-bbee-bc0e239a0e05/search"},"page":{"printed_page":88,"pdf_page":113,"physical_index":113,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"f5bee2c74c7ca2b6edf4177126838a357d3a469df5529a8f46de732625ab81d8"},"chapter":"第三章社会加速批判理论大纲","content":"一般来说，社会批判有两种或三种基本形式。首先，有很多对社会制度和社会实践的功能批判。比如，晚期的马克思和他的诸多后继者，认为资本主义具有内在的矛盾，必然会造成难以克服的社会危机，早晚会导致社会再生产关系的崩溃。简单来说，功能批判的核心是预言社会系统（或社会实践）最终会失败、无法运作。这跟第二种批判形式，亦即社会的规范批判截然不同。当然，功能批判和规范批判是可以结合起来的，但就分析而言，这两者显然必须区分开来。规范批判认为社会结构或社会分配，根据规范和价值来看，是不好或不公正的。当然，规范和价值必须要先定义并论证何谓好和公正。实际上，规范批判有两种版本。一种可以称作是“道德的”，另一种是“伦理的”。道德批判基本上建立在公正概念之上，因此其论点通常认为既有的社会制度让财货、权利、身份和/或权益出现了不公正（比如不公平）的分配。此处的焦点一般是社会关系，亦即团体或个体彼此之间的相对地位。\n\nBESCHLEUNIGUNG UND ENTFREMDUNG Entwurf ninor Kntischen Theorie spttmodemer Zeitlichkeit\n\n新异化的诞生\n\n088","previous_page":null,"next_page":89}