{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"44d73a0d-6bfb-41d9-850e-a0b0cd3fe629","title":"新辩证法与马克思的《资本论》","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303230082","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"44d73a0d-6bfb-41d9-850e-a0b0cd3fe629","id":"44d73a0d-6bfb-41d9-850e-a0b0cd3fe629","uuid":"44d73a0d-6bfb-41d9-850e-a0b0cd3fe629","title":"新辩证法与马克思的《资本论》","normalized_title":"新辩证法与马克思的资本论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303230082","isbns":["9787303230082"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":317,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/44d73a0d-6bfb-41d9-850e-a0b0cd3fe629","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%96%B0%E8%BE%A9%E8%AF%81%E6%B3%95%E4%B8%8E%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E7%9A%84%E3%80%8A%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E8%AE%BA%E3%80%8B","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/44d73a0d-6bfb-41d9-850e-a0b0cd3fe629/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/44d73a0d-6bfb-41d9-850e-a0b0cd3fe629/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/44d73a0d-6bfb-41d9-850e-a0b0cd3fe629","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/44d73a0d-6bfb-41d9-850e-a0b0cd3fe629/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/44d73a0d-6bfb-41d9-850e-a0b0cd3fe629/search"},"page":{"printed_page":73,"pdf_page":96,"physical_index":96,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"ad4ea8d2a69139cef3c78b3ad2d524606d9823aae2d0304c681868bfde3dc80d"},"chapter":"新辩证法与马克思的《资本论》","content":"辩证法必须被看作重建的过程，而非建设的过程。如果较低范畴导向较高范畴，而较高范畴又导向最高级的范畴，则原因在于较低范畴不能独立存在，它们仅仅是对最高级范畴的抽象。最高级的范畴是完全独立的和真实的。①\n\n托尼·史密斯（T.Smith）对体系辩证法的后退方面解释如下：“如果理论在真正自为’阶段即在具体和现实的阶段终结，那么这就表明，为理论的自为’阶段做准备的早期阶段必然是真正的自在”阶段即抽象和潜在的阶段。”②接下来这里所需要的方法是在一个序列中形成范畴诸要素，这个序列从后退方面被认为是范畴的“基础”，从发展方面被认为是范畴的进一步显露或呈现。\n\n逻辑的发展同时也是“后退”，这一事实意味着开端可被证明“不是某种仅仅被独断假定的东西”，相反，开端本身被建立为整体的一个抽象要素。③下面引用的重要段落概括了黑格尔的观点：\n\n每前进一步离开不曾规定的开端时，也是后退一步靠近开端，以致那后退论证开端和前进往下规定开端初看好像是差异的东西，都互相汇合了，并且是同一回事了。但是旋绕成一个圆圈的这个方法，不能够在一个时间的发展里预示出下面这一点，即开端本身已经是一个引申出来的东西了……并且无须贬低它，说只是让它临时地和假设地充当开端。①\n\n第4章 体系辩证法\n\n73\n\n① J. M. E. McTaggart, Studies in Hegelian Dialectic ,1922, p. 3.\n\n②T.Smith, The Logic of Marx's “Capital\", 1990, p. 49.\n\n③ G.W.F. Hegel，The Science of Logic，1969，p.70. [德]黑格尔：《逻辑学》上卷，54\\~55页。","previous_page":72,"next_page":74}