{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"49cc214a-3654-479f-be70-75b4f7ae7556","title":"技术垄断：文化向技术投降","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787521700497","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"49cc214a-3654-479f-be70-75b4f7ae7556","id":"49cc214a-3654-479f-be70-75b4f7ae7556","uuid":"49cc214a-3654-479f-be70-75b4f7ae7556","title":"技术垄断：文化向技术投降","normalized_title":"技术垄断文化向技术投降","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787521700497","isbns":["9787521700497"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":309,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/49cc214a-3654-479f-be70-75b4f7ae7556","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%9E%84%E6%96%AD%EF%BC%9A%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%90%91%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%8A%95%E9%99%8D","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/49cc214a-3654-479f-be70-75b4f7ae7556/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/49cc214a-3654-479f-be70-75b4f7ae7556/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/49cc214a-3654-479f-be70-75b4f7ae7556","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/49cc214a-3654-479f-be70-75b4f7ae7556/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/49cc214a-3654-479f-be70-75b4f7ae7556/search"},"page":{"printed_page":"093 / 86","pdf_page":140,"physical_index":140,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"f9b35c81c677d51eb6557b72ed7b72db01cff2e54b53fff8f88b3b20ececafd7"},"chapter":"TECHNOPOLY The Surrender of Culture to Technology Neil Postman","content":"官僚主义原则上不是社会制度；反过来，排除某些种类或源头、减少信息的制度未必全是官僚主义。学校可能会排除精神治疗和占星术，法庭可能会排除传闻的证据。它们这样做有实实在在的理由，这些理由建立在它们赖以成立的理论上。但是，官僚主义没有思想、政治或道德方面的理论，它只有一个隐性的假设：效率原则上是一切社会制度的目标，其他目标即使相关，也价值较小。密尔认为官僚主义是“暴政”，C.S.刘易斯把它等同于地狱，其道理就在这里。\n\n官僚主义从旨在服务社会制度的一套技术手法转变为自成一体的元制度（meta-institution），并在很大程度上为自己服务。官僚主义是19世纪中叶和后期的产物。催生官僚主义的条件有：工业快速增长，运输和通信改善，政府介入越来越宽广的公共领域和商务领域，政府机构的集中化不断增长。在此基础上，20世纪又出现了信息爆炸和所谓“官僚主义效应”(bureaucrat effect):管理信息的技艺更加必需、更加宽泛、更加复杂了，需要管理这些技艺的人和机构随之增加，官僚主义的技术手法产生的信息也随之增加。这就产生了一个需要：用官僚主义来管理和协调官僚主义。另一个需要也随之产生:管理和协调的官僚主义机构和手法就随之增加。再次借用卡尔·克劳斯(KarlKraus)对心理分析的评论，我们就可以说，官僚主义最后变成了它要治疗的疾病。\n\n第五章 崩溃的防线\n\n093\n\n86","previous_page":139,"next_page":141}