{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4bd1f0d7-8363-46b4-a5b5-0c3ef555a01d","title":"分裂分析德勒兹 先验经验论与建构主义","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4bd1f0d7-8363-46b4-a5b5-0c3ef555a01d","id":"4bd1f0d7-8363-46b4-a5b5-0c3ef555a01d","uuid":"4bd1f0d7-8363-46b4-a5b5-0c3ef555a01d","title":"分裂分析德勒兹 先验经验论与建构主义","normalized_title":"分裂分析德勒兹先验经验论与建构主义","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":327,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4bd1f0d7-8363-46b4-a5b5-0c3ef555a01d","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%88%86%E8%A3%82%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E5%BE%B7%E5%8B%92%E5%85%B9%20%E5%85%88%E9%AA%8C%E7%BB%8F%E9%AA%8C%E8%AE%BA%E4%B8%8E%E5%BB%BA%E6%9E%84%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4bd1f0d7-8363-46b4-a5b5-0c3ef555a01d/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/4bd1f0d7-8363-46b4-a5b5-0c3ef555a01d/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/4bd1f0d7-8363-46b4-a5b5-0c3ef555a01d","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4bd1f0d7-8363-46b4-a5b5-0c3ef555a01d/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4bd1f0d7-8363-46b4-a5b5-0c3ef555a01d/search"},"page":{"printed_page":159,"pdf_page":190,"physical_index":190,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"327c1886cb5c0c8965cb35c712458900c1c69a60ed1616008e86ff86129b2a89"},"chapter":"第二章 空间","content":"简言之，制造一个折曲。\n\n1. 混沌的爆棚\n\n折曲是许多法国哲学家常用的词，原本指的是各式各样材质弯曲、变形、扭动、不再是直线或平面的状态。布料的折曲是衣折，皮肤的折曲则是皱纹。每一件家具上也都有折曲，弯曲的铁管、木料或塑料。如果尺度再放大一点，地壳的折曲形成各种高高低低的山脉海洋。折曲就是“非直线”的状态，宇宙充满这种状态，它是一种形状：直角、锐角、钝角或曲线……，通常这种状态也都意味着曾经有力量作用于此，让原本平直的表面产生不平与弯曲，因此折曲也意味力量的作用或力量作用所留下的痕迹。衣服的折曲是曾经被力量压挤所留下的痕迹，海浪(海水的表面折曲）是风或潮汐力量的表现，椅子钢管的弯曲是机械力量作用的痕迹……\n\n折曲也会使空间或平面划分成两个不同的区域，比如抛物线这种折曲划出了曲线内外的区别，抛物线圈出来的是内，另一边则是外，因此折曲除了是力量与形状的研究之外，也可能是内外与其界限的分析，而每个抛物线“内部”都会有一个焦点，一个特异点，它是抛物线上所有切线的垂直线交会点，这个焦点决定了抛物线的动态与它的曲度。\n\n法国哲学以折曲这个字发展出许多名词与动词的变形，折曲是最简单的形状、力量或运动方向的改变，指的是一折、一弯或一弧；但“皱褶”(plissement)是许多折曲的聚合，像是揉皱的衬衫，或铁板屋顶的波浪板；“去折曲”(déplier)意味把折曲摊平，打开或延展一个原本是卷缩的事物，这个词因此也有解释或分析的意思；“再折曲”(replier)是在一个折曲上再折曲一次，通常与“去折曲”作为对“既有折曲”的操作。\n\n第二章 空间\n\n159","previous_page":158,"next_page":160}