{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","uuid":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","normalized_title":"马克思的价值当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","isbns":["9787520180269"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":244,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E7%9A%84%E4%BB%B7%E5%80%BC%EF%BC%9A%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/search"},"page":{"printed_page":109,"pdf_page":116,"physical_index":116,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"6e7b30e48eb676c10ed9c59a8ab0a9511bde5a8e98cf8089121087bfa0e20284"},"chapter":"第五章 价值、价格和剥削","content":"机器通常被小心翼翼地使用，以便让工人远离知识①、远离对生产的控制②，有时候甚至以牺牲利润率为代价。③\n\n机器不仅是一个极强大的竞争者，随时可以使雇佣工人“过剩”。它还被资本公开地有意识地宣布为一种和雇佣工人敌对的力量并加以利用。机器成了镇压工人反抗资本专制的周期性暴动和罢工等等的最强有力的武器…可以写出整整一部历史，说明1830年以来的许多发明，都只是作为资本对付工人暴动的武器而出现的。④\n\n机械化与去技术化密切相关。去技术化是一个双重过程。一方面，去技术化是机械化的直接结果。前文证明机械化改变了工作模式和工作种类，把它们的各个碎片变成了更容易衡量和掌控\n\n第五章价值、价格和剥削\n\n①“我们提议把对车间生产有根本性影响的一切重要决定和计划从工人手里拿走，并且把它们交到少数人手里，这少数人中的每一个都在做决策并执行决策这门技艺上受过专门训练，这少数人中的每一个都有其最为擅长的、绝不会与其他人重叠的功能。”(Frederick W. Taylor, cited in Sohn -Rethel1978，p. 151) 对这种观点的马克思主义批判，参见P.Taylor(1979) 和 Wennerlind(2000)。\n\n②“[工业家想要停止任何]生产过程，只要该过程要求灵巧的工人具有特殊的警觉性和稳定的双手；他让自动的，即便儿童也能主管的机器来掌控这个过程。因此，工场手工业的伟大目标就是通过资本和科学的结合，把劳动阶层的任务缩减到[儿童般的]警觉和灵巧即能胜任的程度。”(Andrew Ure，Philoso-phy of Manufactures, cited in Cooley 1981, p. 60)\n\n③“随着案例研究的激增，积累的相关证据反对用技术决定论解读有组织的历史，而偏爱这种相冲突的路径——把有组织的结构当作控制工人行为的现实策略。”(Attewell 1984，p. 119) 还可以参见 Bowles and Gintis (1977，p. 180)，BrightonLabour Process Group (1977), Cleaver (1979, 1992), Lebowitz (1992), Mar-glin (1974), Naples (1989, p. 149), Postone (1993), Sohn - Rethel (1978)和Wennerlind(2000)。\n\n④参见Capital1(pp. 562-563)，还可以参见pp. 489-492。对技术在社会冲突中的作用所做的现代解释，参见 Levidow and Young(1981，1985)和 Slater(1980)。\n\n109","previous_page":108,"next_page":110}