{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","uuid":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","normalized_title":"马克思的价值当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","isbns":["9787520180269"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":244,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E7%9A%84%E4%BB%B7%E5%80%BC%EF%BC%9A%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/search"},"page":{"printed_page":116,"pdf_page":123,"physical_index":123,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"75b0316c8642de9bb844657241edd7d76d2113caabd5673a3a4ccd3aef8461ac"},"chapter":"第五章 价值、价格和剥削","content":"结果在某种程度上是反直觉的——所投入之物的原初价值以及购买它们的货币资本，此二者并不决定产出之物的价值。\n\n劳动材料和劳动资料的价值所发生的变化，丝毫不影响下述情况：在它们作为材料和资料进入的劳动过程中，它们总是作为既定的价值，既定量的价值预先存在……只要劳动资料和劳动材料的一般生产条件发生变化，它们身上就会产生反应。与原来相比，它们现在是较多或较少的劳动时间即较大或较小的价值的对象化，这只是因为现在生产它们所需要的劳动时间比原来所需要的劳动时间多些或少些……它们的这些价值的变化总是来自生产它们的劳动的生产率的变化，而与它们作为具有一定价值的成品所进入的劳动过程没有任何关系。②\n\n固定资本与此类似。当机器（或必要的新工具或建筑物）最终报废后，生产消耗了多少固定资本，相应的价值就添加到产出之物上面，足够的货币可以取代它们。③\n\n二技术变革、价值和危机\n\n生产固定资本的各要素例如生产机器时，技术变革会让新一代机器面世，一般而言，新机器在生产每个单位的产品时会更便宜。新机器被引进以后，旧机器转移而来的价值（以及产品的单位价值）下降。①两条重要启示是，第一，不同经济部门的技术变革能改变固定资本各要素的价值，这种变革是突然地、不可预见地发生的。\n\n马克思的价值：当代资本主义政治经济学批判\n\n① 参见Capital1(p. 295)。还可以参见pp. 312，317-318，957，985-986，The-ories of Surplus Value 1 (p. 109), Theories of Surplus Value 3(p. 280) 和 de Vroey(1981, p. 180)。\n\n②参见Marx(1988b，pp. 79-80)。\n\n③ 参见 Capital 3(p. 374)。\n\n116","previous_page":115,"next_page":117}