{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","uuid":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","normalized_title":"马克思的价值当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","isbns":["9787520180269"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":244,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E7%9A%84%E4%BB%B7%E5%80%BC%EF%BC%9A%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/search"},"page":{"printed_page":118,"pdf_page":125,"physical_index":125,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"b9eef683b3bbd6cd4f732bdd0bde33e696b632a1f05d307abe9de175b39e8e4d"},"chapter":"第五章 价值、价格和剥削","content":"当[价格和再生产价值之间的]巨大分歧成了经济的典型特征的时候，价格系统就日益不能协调经济的发展。不当投资就会变得普遍……最终，竞争的强力会迫使价格下降到与再生产价值相一致……马克思再三解释，除了再生产价值的变化之外，直到危机使价值与再生产价值复归于一致之前，价值能在一定程度上独立存在……在现实经济中，显示价格总想远离劳动力价值。随着价格和价值的联系日益松弛，价格体系给出愈加具有误导性的信号：让人投机取巧以求利，而不是为市场生产货物和服务以便赚取利润。①\n\n第二，技术变革的可能性使产品价值具有不可避免的不确定性。这种不确定性来自由固定资本转移而来的不可知的真实价值，它取决于未来技术变革对当今机器价值的影响。再者，（虽然所产出的价值相同，但是）每个公司潜在地体现着技术贬值的不同方式，而且取代固定资本时耗资巨大影响也很大，这共同开启了破产和金融危机的可能性。②\n\n再生产的花费在不可预见的模式下是有变化的。因为我们无法预见未来特定的某个时间哪些技术是可用的，所以我们就无法提前知道某一特定的资本货物被使用多长时间才会被取代……我们无法计算今天所生产的货物的价值，因为不知道未来再生产的价值的话，就无法知道今天有多少不变资本转化成了价值……或者说，以资本家对未来贬值后的生产模式的估价为基础，我们才能计算货物的价值。一旦我们走上这条路—对未来的贬值进行主观估价，那么我们就打开了一个新的魔盒……首先，我们无法知道资本家的主观看法。另外，马克思对破产的断言表明资本家的主观看法是极为错误的。①\n\n马克思的价值：当代资本主义政治经济学批判\n\n①参见Perelman(1999，pp.724-725)。\n\n② 参见 Campbell (1998,p. 141),Fine (1980, ch.4,1989, ch.9) 和 Perelman(1990,1993,1996,1999)。\n\n118","previous_page":117,"next_page":119}