{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","uuid":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","normalized_title":"马克思的价值当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","isbns":["9787520180269"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":244,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E7%9A%84%E4%BB%B7%E5%80%BC%EF%BC%9A%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/search"},"page":{"printed_page":130,"pdf_page":137,"physical_index":137,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"ddf4ec7ee89ae0f789365c76859f2427f10d2309ae04393860d705ad8718e109"},"chapter":"第六章 资本构成","content":"无法直接测量资本技术构成，因为它是一定数量的均质化的使用价值（物质投入）和一定数量的某部门的（规范化和同步化的）平均劳动而非抽象劳动的比例（参见第五章)。例如，不可能直接比较建筑业和电子工业的资本技术构成，因为在这两个行业，每小时劳动加工的使用价值和劳动的价值生产率差别极大。然而，资本技术构成可以用价值术语来评价，因为在资本主义条件下所有的投入生产出来的东西都趋向于变成商品。对资本技术构成的价值判断界定了资本有机构成，或者说界定了特定的公司、行业或经济领域内一小时活劳动吸纳的生产资料的价值：\n\n资本有机构成的概念可以这样表述：这是在不同生产领域为吸收同量劳动而必须花费的不变资本的不同比例。②\n\n对马克思来说，资本有机构成是资本技术构成的价值反射，或者说是在生产中决定的“技术构成”和生产中技术关系的合成。资本有机构成把不变资本（包括固定资本和流通资本）的总价值和把这些投入变成产出所需要的总劳动时间联系在一起。马克思\n\n马克思的价值：当代资本主义政治经济学批判\n\n① 参见 Capital 3(p. 244)，还可以参见 Theories of Surplus Value 2(pp. 455 - 456)。\n\n②参见 Theories of Surplus Value 3(p. 387)。“有机”意味着资本的“在内”构成。分析一般利润率时（参见第七章），马克思说：“因为在利润率中，剩余价值是按总资本计算的，是以总资本为尺度的，所以剩余价值本身也就好像从总资本产生，而且同样地从总资本的一切部分产生，这样，不变资本和可变资本的有机差别就在利润的概念中消失了。”(参见 Capital 3，p. 267)\n\n130","previous_page":129,"next_page":131}