{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","uuid":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","normalized_title":"马克思的价值当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","isbns":["9787520180269"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":244,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E7%9A%84%E4%BB%B7%E5%80%BC%EF%BC%9A%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/search"},"page":{"printed_page":148,"pdf_page":155,"physical_index":155,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"fffc9f5b509f1a7fd28dcf62c42561d0979d932feaa208e6d5bb1b7b989dabe5"},"chapter":"第七章 价值转化为生产价格","content":"第六章第二节已然证明，资本技术构成和资本有机构成的静态比较勾勒出了劳动力价值和生产资料价值的不同，勾勒出了唯有生产条件的不同才具有影响力。这引导马克思得出一个简单但有力的结论。如果我们提取投入的价值，不考虑所生产的商品，那么有机构成最低的资本雇佣了相对更多的工人、生产更多的剩余价值。①\n\n这个结论指出了这种主张——资本有机构成对利润创造的分析有用处——的两个原因。第一，它把剩余价值和利润的来源牢牢地固定在无酬劳动上。这有助于证实马克思的主张：机器不创造价值，剩余价值和利润不来自不平等交换，以及商业利润、利益和租金只不过是所生产的剩余价值的一部分（参见第三章第二节和第四章第一节)。②第二，它在生产领域而非交换领域把利润率、劳动分配、剩余价值和产品价格等概念串联起来。接下来，通过有机构成不同的五种资本的对比，马克思阐释一般利润率是如何形成的，以及产品价格是如何决定的。\n\n第二节 从价值到生产价格\n\n在《资本论》第三卷第九章著名的转化表中，马克思比较了值100镑的五种资本（包括固定资本和流通资本），并且说它们的利润率不同是因为资本有机构成不同。从它们的单个利润率，马克思计算出平均利润率；从这个平均利润率，马克思获得了产出\n\n马克思的价值：当代资本主义政治经济学批判\n\n①“如果剩余价值率，剩余劳动率既定，剩余价值量就取决于资本的有机构成，即取决于一定价值的资本例如100镑所雇用的工人人数。”（Theories ofSurplusValue 2, p. 376)\n\n② 参见Nell(1992，p. 55)。\n\n148","previous_page":147,"next_page":149}