{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","uuid":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","normalized_title":"马克思的价值当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","isbns":["9787520180269"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":244,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E7%9A%84%E4%BB%B7%E5%80%BC%EF%BC%9A%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/search"},"page":{"printed_page":151,"pdf_page":158,"physical_index":158,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"4aafa4c5f227a0a5e3535adb5dfa2ada111bb9daa3119623cc3d74612582a6f4"},"chapter":"第七章 价值转化为生产价格","content":"这些相等对马克思非常重要。不应该把它们理解为两个独立的条件或“可验证的假设”，仿佛只要未得到经验证明，马克思的价值理论就失败了似的。对马克思来说，这些相等是一回事儿，必须坚持这些相等，但是它们的影响表现在不同层次上。总价格等于总价值是因为价格只不过是价值的一种形式，或者是因为总利润等于总剩余价值。单个价格不等于价值是因为（出于剩余价值的再分配）利润不等于剩余价值。这些相等总是成立的，因为它们表达了在不同的分析层次上社会劳动这个概念的发展（参见第一章第一节)。①\n\n马克思由所投入价值和货币-商品价值的转化所做的抽象(这种抽象自然而然地随着他对资本有机构成的分析而来)，确认了应当从理论上理解这些相等。它们表达了价值和剩余价值与它们的表现形式即价格和利润的关系。生产价格是相对复杂的价值形式，在生产价格中，价格-价值的差别在经济领域重新分配剩余价值，直至行业内每个部门的平均资本有了相同的利润率。①\n\n第七章 价值转化为生产价格\n\n(接上页注②)资本在利润率上的相同是因为价值转化。“竞争在同一生产领域所起的作用是：使这一领域生产的商品的价值决定于这个领域中平均需要的劳动时间；从而确立市场价值。竞争在不同生产领域之间所起的作用是：把不同的市场价值平均化为代表不同于实际市场价值的费用价格的市场价格，从而在不同领域确立同一的一般利润率。因此，在这第二种情况下，竞争决不是使商品价格去适应商品价值，而是相反，使商品价值归结为不同于商品价值的费用价格，取消商品价值同费用价格之间的差别。”(Theories of Surplus Value 2，p. 208)还可以参见 pp. 126，206-207，Shaikh（1982，p.77) 和Weeks(1981，ch.6,1982a)。\n\n① 参见 Capital 3 (p. 257), Theories of Surplus Value 2 (p. 190), Grundrisse (p. 767), Duménil(1980, pp. 10 - 14; 1984, p. 343), Foley (1986, p. 8), Lagueux (1985, p. 121), Roberts(1987, pp. 89 -90), de Vroey (1981, p. 190; 1982, p. 45), Wolff, Roberts and Callari(1984, p. 128)。\n\n151","previous_page":150,"next_page":152}