{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","uuid":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","normalized_title":"马克思的价值当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","isbns":["9787520180269"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":244,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E7%9A%84%E4%BB%B7%E5%80%BC%EF%BC%9A%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/search"},"page":{"printed_page":158,"pdf_page":165,"physical_index":165,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"83a1feaab1ae78dc9cb9e5ccd424800330828cff7b8b013dd2cfc62d0309e438"},"chapter":"第七章 价值转化为生产价格","content":"与之相比，想要论证一开始就应当把投入的价值考虑进去，它们也应该被转化为产出的价值的种种思路，常常混淆了价值生产中活劳动和死劳动的作用，它们不能把工人和生产中的机器区分开。“投入之物未转化”绝不是一个缺点。相反，它是马克思方法的一个特征。抽出了投入之物和货币-商品的价值后，马克思把利润的源泉定位在生产中进行的劳动上，并且细心构建了流通能够被纳入分析之中的条件。\n\n第四节 结论\n\n本章证明了马克思的价值向生产价格的转化分为两个阶段。第一个阶段，他抽出了生产资料的价值，以便强调这一原则—价值是由劳动单独创造的，或者说，所推动的活劳动量越大，生产的剩余价值就越多。剩余价值依照每个资本所形成的（不同于价值的）价格的多少进行分配。第二个阶段，在生产价格的层次上分析经济。所有商品都依照其价格销售，投入的价格也被考虑在内。转化的作用在于：它认可决定社会劳动的形式的是更大的东西，并且对经济中劳动和剩余价值的分配做出解释。\n\n马克思的价值：当代资本主义政治经济学批判\n\n①“经常有人说，总的剩余价值要进行再分配，以便让诸多资本依照资本的量——交换劳动力和生产资料的量——而分有它；人们假定这种再分配是由于价值和生产价格的差异而发生的。然而在再分配之前，这种世界状态并非真实的存在。竞争依照总预付资本对总剩余价值进行分配，这当然没问题；但是，根本不存在再分配。再分配过程不是现实世界中的过程，而是概念的过程，它象征着不同层次的概念所要求的理论转化。”(Himmelweit and Mohun 1978，p. 83) 还可以参见 p. 98，Capital3 (pp. 311,428 - 429)，Himmelweit and Mo-hun (1981,p. 248),Salama (1984, pp. 227 - 233) 和 de Vroey(1982, p. 48)。相反的观点，参见Duménil(1984)，Foley(1982，p.44)，Shaikh(1977，p. 126；1991,p. 78) 和 Winternitz (1948,p. 277)。\n\n158","previous_page":157,"next_page":159}