{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","uuid":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","normalized_title":"马克思的价值当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","isbns":["9787520180269"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":244,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E7%9A%84%E4%BB%B7%E5%80%BC%EF%BC%9A%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/search"},"page":{"printed_page":16,"pdf_page":23,"physical_index":23,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"cae897a32463f1c6dda2e242012dca21b79f4c7301227eccc7b1484cdcd2f47e"},"chapter":"第一章 唯物辩证法","content":"这并不意味着本质总是一个隐藏在现象背后的独立的实体，唯有揭开它的面纱才能认识它；这也不意味着本质总是要透过现象以便（至少从理论上）找到能导向个别事物的东西。毋宁说，本质通常存在于现象中，而且只能通过现象而存在；现象不仅仅是本质的表现形式，它更是本质的存在方式(mode of existence)。②例如，“水果”是一切苹果、李子和橘子的本质，然而并没有真实的“水果”这种东西。存在的只是各种水果，可以用分析来揭示它们的本质、它们共同的生物性和历史性特征。\n\n总而言之，唯物辩证法审视具体性，以便弄清楚决定现实的物质结构，尤其是弄清楚所要研究的现象背后的本质，弄清楚现象与本质的中间环节。对本质及其发展的系统性分析阐明了个体之间的联系，并用概念表达它们的这种联系，想在智力中重构这种具体性必须如此。③最后，这个程序勾勒出：\n\n6\n\n马克思的价值：当代资本主义政治经济学批判\n\n①对唯物辩证法而言，“这个问题——一个概念的普遍特征———被转到了另一个领域，即研究这个概念的实际发展过程。发展的方法变成了逻辑的方法”(Ily-enkov 1982，pp. 76- 77)。还可以参见Ilyenkov(1977，pp. 354 -355；1982，pp.83-84,94–96)。\n\n②“个别一定与一般相联而存在。一般只能在个别中存在，只能通过个别而存在。任何个别（不论怎样）都是一般。任何一般都是个别的（一部分，或一方面，或本质）……这里已经有自然界的必然性、客观联系等概念的因素、胚芽了。这里已经有偶然和必然、现象和本质。”(Lenin1972，p.361）还可以参 见 Bonefeld, Gunn and Psychopedis (1992a, pp. xv - xvi; 1092b) 以 及Gunn(1992, pp. 20 -24)。\n\n③ 参见 Ilyenkov(1982，pp. 217-222，232，244)。Thompson(1978，pp. 231-238）勾勒出与此有一定相似性的另一种方法—“历史的逻辑”。唯物辩证法与恩格斯（1981）和Meek（1973）的“逻辑性-历史性”方法截然不同，参见本书第二章第一节。\n\n16","previous_page":15,"next_page":17}