{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","uuid":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","normalized_title":"马克思的价值当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","isbns":["9787520180269"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":244,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E7%9A%84%E4%BB%B7%E5%80%BC%EF%BC%9A%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/search"},"page":{"printed_page":167,"pdf_page":174,"physical_index":174,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"74a27c4a8530e7d549fe0fb091dfb8fba22e9f6bb5155ae6f2bd62fb0672c802"},"chapter":"第八章 货币、信用和通货膨胀","content":"和世界货品等功能的。\n\n当货币被贮藏时，它起到价值贮藏的功能。由于个人的偏好和不确定性，贮藏通常被证明是正确的。虽然这些因素在贮藏中能起到重要作用，但有结构上的原因表明贮藏形成于资本主义生产中。①最重要的原因在于：生产蕴含着常规性消耗，这种消耗与销售收入的积累无关。生产者也必须积累储备，以便满足不可预期的花费，维持并代替固定资本，扩大生产，支付股息，平抑价格波动等。这些储备通常存储在银行体系中，它们成了银行储备的基础。信用体系的发展减少了每个资本家的贮藏需求，因为资本家阶级的贮藏可以由借贷而来。②银行贷款促进了长期大规模投资项目的实现。然而，它们也促进了思维活动，并且增加了这种可能性—局部混乱（库存积累、价格变化和技术创新等）会促发经济危机。\n\n当货币付清了前面进行的交易时，它起到支付手段的功能。这对商业信用（它为所生产商品的销售提供资金）和银行信用（它为新的生产提供资金）尤为重要。\n\n最后，货币在世界范围内起到世界货币的功能，它是价值的纯形式，是全球所认可的抽象劳动的结晶。国内通行的货币必须能被转化为世界货币，这样才能用国内商品交换国外货物，才能使国内劳动被纳入世界生产体系。\n\n第八章货币、信用和通货膨胀\n\n①参见 Capital3(pp. 432-437,670,701 - 708),Campbell(1998,pp. 137-138, 148 - 149), Uno (1980, p. 110),尤其是 Itoh and Lapavitsas(1999, chs.1-2)和 Lapavitsas(2000b)。\n\n②“由此可见，正是信用促使每个生产领域不是按照这个领域的资本家自有资本的数额，而是按照他们生产的需要，去支配整个资本家阶级的资本，—而在竞争中单个资本对于别的资本来说是独立地出现的。”(Theories of SurplusValue2，p. 211)还可以参见p.482，Capital 3（pp. 431-436，566-571，626-627，637-640,658,741) 和Fine(1989,pp.79-89)。\n\n167","previous_page":166,"next_page":168}