{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","id":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","uuid":"4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title":"马克思的价值：当代资本主义经济学批判","normalized_title":"马克思的价值当代资本主义经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787520180269","isbns":["9787520180269"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":244,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E7%9A%84%E4%BB%B7%E5%80%BC%EF%BC%9A%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4ec17d87-0309-41de-9bb0-d3dffb1b81da/search"},"page":{"printed_page":181,"pdf_page":188,"physical_index":188,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"9a5a7124c7919590a99b6ffecddb71a84b1ae14f3cf6c15e9bba812fbbb6770f"},"chapter":"第八章 货币、信用和通货膨胀","content":"货币政策上的态度有可能促进超发货币的通货膨胀，但是这种态度不应该受“指责”，即便这种超发是由个人决定（而非受政府控制—包括银行贷款）所进行的例行的、必要的创造。再者，即便超发货币是由政府制造的，也不可能提前知道它对数量或价格的影响（影响肯定存在，但必然不精确）。在适当的时候，流通货币的数量和需求之间的差异，会由于产品、流通速度或贮藏的变化而被消除。这种调整需要时间，它们还有可能因为对价格、交换率、收支平衡和收益率的影响而造成额外的不稳定性。如果这些货币差异持续存在，它们有可能导致持续的通货膨胀、严重的收支不平衡并使经济停滞延长，这些都表明了货币的非中立性及其对积累过程的潜在影响。\n\n长期的通货膨胀可能源于政府试图让经济持续增长，抑或源于增长衰退时对通货紧缩的规避。更一般地说，在上升阶段，超发货币主要是由受中央银行支持的单个部门提供的，以便为消费和新投资提供资金。因此，增长必然在已确立的价值和货币关系上打开一个缺口，而且它总是具有潜在的通货膨胀性（这取决于供给和相应的进口)。随着经济的增长，经济失调和瓶颈不可避免地得到发展，金融结构变得日趋脆弱，除非廉价进口物已经就绪，否则价格（以及工资）就要有上升的趋向。在这个阶段，由于收支平衡的限制抑或采纳了相矛盾的政策，危机自然地爆发了。如果危机变得尖锐、通货紧缩迫在眉睫，那么，政府通常会介入并且审慎地注入超发货币。①\n\n第八章货币、信用和通货膨胀\n\n① 这种观点与Minsky(1986) 的观点相似，这是在强化 de Vroey(1984)的论证——超发货币与后凯恩斯主义的分析具有潜在的契合性。\n\n181","previous_page":180,"next_page":182}