{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4f7053d9-6508-49c8-9dd8-ec4dc5dadd53","title":"Bodies in code  interfaces with digital media","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"0415970164","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"4f7053d9-6508-49c8-9dd8-ec4dc5dadd53","id":"4f7053d9-6508-49c8-9dd8-ec4dc5dadd53","uuid":"4f7053d9-6508-49c8-9dd8-ec4dc5dadd53","title":"Bodies in code  interfaces with digital media","normalized_title":"bodiesincodeinterfaceswithdigitalmedia","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"0415970164","isbns":["0415970164","0415970156","9780415970167","9780415970150"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":348,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4f7053d9-6508-49c8-9dd8-ec4dc5dadd53","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/Bodies%20in%20code%20%20interfaces%20with%20digital%20media","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/4f7053d9-6508-49c8-9dd8-ec4dc5dadd53/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/4f7053d9-6508-49c8-9dd8-ec4dc5dadd53/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/4f7053d9-6508-49c8-9dd8-ec4dc5dadd53","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4f7053d9-6508-49c8-9dd8-ec4dc5dadd53/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/4f7053d9-6508-49c8-9dd8-ec4dc5dadd53/search"},"page":{"printed_page":267,"pdf_page":280,"physical_index":280,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"372ff3f90585b947c317f9f86cb9648738ca7a833ffb1cd7821abff35ab6d71b"},"chapter":"bodies in code","content":"X. This remains the case despite Steuer's understanding of virtual reality—\"defined as a real or simulated environment in which a perceiver experiences telepresence\"—as introducing “an alternative view of mediated communication in general,\" one that breaks with the notion that media are only important as a \"conduit.\" Although Steuer's redefinition of virtual reality effectively breaks with a reductive understanding of it in terms of specific hardware and shifts the focus to the interaction between the mediated environment and the participant, it does not break with the standard notion that what is communicated in the telepresence circuit is information. If it is the case, as Steuer claims, that \"[i]nformation is not transmitted from sender to receiver,\" this does not mean that the informational position is rejected. Indeed, what is experienced in mediated environments as Steuer describes them if not information? See Jonathan Steuer, \"Defining Virtual Reality: Dimensions Determining Telepresence.\"\n\nxi. Despite Gibson's embrace of an informational understanding of perception, his theory includes elements that could, potentially, serve to complicate such a view. By mentioning Gibson's differentiation of perceptual systems in relation to the variable of “breadth\" (which “refers to the number of sensory dimensions simultaneously presented”), Steuer suggests as much:\n\nBreadth is a function of the ability of a communication medium to present information across the senses. J. J. Gibson (1966) defines five distinct perceptual systems: the basic orienting system, which is responsible for maintaining body equilibrium; the auditory system; the haptic, or touch, system; the taste-smell system; and the visual system. Inputs to several of these systems from a single source can be considered informationally equivalent (Gibson 1966). However, the redundancy resulting from simultaneous activation of a number of perceptual systems reduces the number of alterative situations that could induce such a combination of perceptions, and therefore strengthens the perception of a particular environment. (Steuer 1992, 81)\n\nSee Steuer, \"Defining Virtual Reality,\"81. Though Steuer here accepts the informational basis of Gibson's theory, we shall have occasion later not simply to question this, but also to rescue Gibson's intriguing understanding of proprioception from the informational reduction it undergoes in his theory.\n\nNOTES\n\n267","previous_page":266,"next_page":268}