{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","title":"Digital Capitalism","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"2021022153","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","id":"50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","uuid":"50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","title":"Digital Capitalism","normalized_title":"digitalcapitalism","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"2021022153","isbns":["2021022153","9781032119182","9781032119205","9781003222149","2405518376"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":343,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/Digital%20Capitalism","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed/search"},"page":{"printed_page":100,"pdf_page":114,"physical_index":114,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"a668f627a817f2f5ded85f7b5b49b9e17550be0c2825470db959352d8ca4270e"},"chapter":"DIGITAL CAPITALISM","content":"• Lukács’ critique of reification entails a critique of technological fetishism and the logic of quantification. In digital capitalism, this analysis matters in several respects, including the critique of digital determinism and digital positivism;\n\n• Digital determinism fetishises digital technologies by presenting them as autonomous subjects that bring about revolutionary technological changes of society that are either purely positive or purely negative;\n\n• Big data analytics is one of the newest developments in the history of tools of reification that Lukács analyses and criticises. Big data analytics is a form of digital positivism and fetishistic science that disregards qualities, contradictions, and totalities. It advances uncritical, instrumental knowledge that serves dominant interests by being used as a tool of reification.\n\nHistory and Class Consciousness’ critique of reification, ideology, and reified consciousness remains highly topical in the age of digital capitalism and big data. Lukács analysis allows us to critically analyse how social media, big data, and various other Internet technologies are used as tools of reification. Those new technologies are deeply embedded into capitalist and dominative structures does however not imply that there are no alternative potentials and no alternative forces at work in the realm of digital technologies. Lukács opposed deterministic analyses, which implies that although exploitation and domination are ubiquitous in capitalism, there is always the possibility for critical consciousness and critical action (praxis).\n\nIn reified computing and technology, the instrumental logic of quantification, capital, and bureaucracy subsumes human activities and destroys solidarity. At the same time, modern technology has created new potentials for co-operation and socialisation. Computing operates at different levels. A socialist framework of society and technology does not need to abolish computing but needs to transform its design so that technologies are human-centred, humans in collective processes control the design and use of technology, and quantification is subsumed under the logic of humancentredness. For example, socialist design does not mean to abolish social media, but to make them truly social so that privacy violations, intransparent algorithms, targeted advertising, individualism, and the accumulation of reputation are no longer design principles and are substituted by privacy-friendliness, direct human communication, collective production, co-operation, solidarity, creative commons and transparency and the openness of algorithms as design principles.\n\nDigital technologies such as the Internet are today also used by activists for challenging exploitation and domination (Fuchs 2014). Digital commons projects such as\n\n100\n\nTheorists","previous_page":99,"next_page":101}