{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","title":"Digital Capitalism","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"2021022153","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","id":"50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","uuid":"50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","title":"Digital Capitalism","normalized_title":"digitalcapitalism","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"2021022153","isbns":["2021022153","9781032119182","9781032119205","9781003222149","2405518376"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":343,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/Digital%20Capitalism","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed/search"},"page":{"printed_page":186,"pdf_page":200,"physical_index":200,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"41a1db3f4977b77c62fbfbe60b8fcf3e0580ef80f35628ad531b26fbccdb19f4"},"chapter":"DIGITAL CAPITALISM","content":"Besides conducting qualitative social research with social media users in order to learn about their experiences, interpretations, and perspectives, critical digital methods should not completely discard tools for digital data collection and analytics, but take their use into a new direction. Critical digital methods should certainly engage in collecting and analysing samples of data from social media platforms with the help of tools and services, such as DiscoverText, Tweet Archivist, Netvizz, NodeXL, Gephi, NCapture/NVivo, Sodato, Import.io, InfoExtractor, Google Web Scraper, TAGS, SocioViz, and so on<sup>7</sup>.\n\nCritical digital methods, however, do not simply apply large-scale quantitative analysis to these data but use smaller samples (“small data” as opposed to “big data”) that are analysed with the help of qualitative methods (critical visual analysis, critical discourse analysis, qualitative text/content analysis, etc.) and interpreted with the help of critical theory. The focus can, for example, be on key topics or the most followed, liked, or retweeted users. In some cases, analysing single users’ postings may be most appropriate; in other cases, focusing on a specific time period, discourse topic, particular group, specific characteristic, and so on may be most suited.\n\nOne important aspect of critical social media research is the study of not just ideologies of the Internet but also ideologies on the Internet. Critical discourse analysis and ideology critique as research method have only been applied in a limited manner to social media data. Majid KhosraviNik (2013) argues in this context that “critical discourse analysis appears to have shied away from new media research in the bulk of its research” (p. 292). Critical social media discourse analysis is a critical digital method for the study of how ideologies are expressed on social media in light of society’s power structures and contradictions that form the texts’ contexts.\n\nDiscourses tend to be intertextual and interdiscursive (Reisigl and Wodak 2001, p. 39). They interlink various texts, discourses, and contexts. Social media data are therefore not independent from other media but tend to be multimodal and connected with texts in traditional media. An example is that many political tweets tend to link to articles in the online versions of mainstream newspapers. Studying social media therefore does not substitute the study of other media but often requires studying various media’s interconnection. Discourses are texts that stand in particular societal, politicaleconomic, historical, and cultural contexts. Understanding them requires taking a holistic point of view, that is, to situate them in history and society. This means that interpretation, explanation, evaluation, and critique of discourses require theories of society (Fairclough 2015). This, for example, means that when a case study of fascist ideology online is conducted, the critical theory and history of fascism will guide the analysis, and a new contribution to theory construction will emerge from the analysis.\n\n186\n\nThemes\n\n7 See http://socialmediadata.wikidot.com and https://wiki.digitalmethods.net/Dmi/ToolDatabase for overviews.","previous_page":185,"next_page":187}