{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","title":"Digital Capitalism","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"2021022153","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","id":"50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","uuid":"50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","title":"Digital Capitalism","normalized_title":"digitalcapitalism","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"2021022153","isbns":["2021022153","9781032119182","9781032119205","9781003222149","2405518376"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":343,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/Digital%20Capitalism","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed/search"},"page":{"printed_page":280,"pdf_page":294,"physical_index":294,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"49fd6c2e1871d278344c12fc0d8bf643e3663dba4b4e72aa6d9c8c0291a96932"},"chapter":"DIGITAL CAPITALISM","content":"Congo, Tayloristic information and communication technology (ICT) assemblers at Foxconn in China, or software engineers in India or the Silicon Valley to various forms of unpaid online labour (Fuchs 2014a, 2014b, 2015). The production of information technology is highly exploitative and time-consuming.\n\n• Fourth, there are various forms of irregular, unpaid, precarious, outsourced, crowdsourced, and click-worked digital labours. Examples include the usage of Facebook, Google, YouTube, Weibo, LinkedIn, Pinterest, and Instagram; online customer reviews on Amazon or Yelp; work via freelancer platforms such as Upwork, PeoplePerHour, Amazon Mechanical Turk, and ClickWorker; the participation in customer surveys, installing software updates, deleting spam, unsubscribing from spam lists, the time spent on online daring platforms such as match.com or Tinder, answering professional e-mails via the mobile or tablet out of regular working hours, working on the train, tube, or in cafés; online travel booking, etc.\n\n• Consumer and prosumer labour is shadow work because it does not in an obvious way feel like work, but creates value for corporations. It takes time. And it takes time away that could be used outside the commodity culture. It substitutes paid labour by precarious and unpaid labour and by reducing corporations’ wage-sum helps increasing their profits. Consumers and users have become part of the working class.\n\nThe digital law of value has created new forms of exploitation as well as contradictions that allow the creation of new spheres of non-commercial, alternative, cooperative production and a solidarity, commons-based, and peer production economy outside the realm of capitalism that undermine the law of value. The political aim of destroying the law of value is not an automatism that flows from information and information technology. It can rather only be achieved in conscious political struggles for the decommodification of information, the economy, and the world. It requires the dialectical political unity of the social movement “crowd” and the party (Dean 2016).\n\nIn order to show that the labour theory of value applies to the information economy, I employ in this chapter the Temporal Single-System Interpretation (TSSI) of Marxian value theory for the analysis of the German information economy. One could certainly discuss if the TSSI is the right methodology or if another one should be used, which is a more scholastic discussion that I leave to others. One could simply in an equal manner apply other interpretations and check the feasibility of the results. The space of this chapter allows however to just apply one method of analysis and the TSSI seems to be an interesting approach.\n\n280\n\nThemes","previous_page":279,"next_page":281}