{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","title":"Digital Capitalism","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"2021022153","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","id":"50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","uuid":"50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","title":"Digital Capitalism","normalized_title":"digitalcapitalism","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"2021022153","isbns":["2021022153","9781032119182","9781032119205","9781003222149","2405518376"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":343,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/Digital%20Capitalism","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/50b7f922-b940-4a05-8eb0-c4dc0d8ec9ed/search"},"page":{"printed_page":85,"pdf_page":99,"physical_index":99,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"c1b6431ce270b6db55c49dc30bf072cff898dad0b821403fdd1ac6a97adb97c5"},"chapter":"DIGITAL CAPITALISM","content":"Social media such as Facebook and Twitter are key communication tools of contemporary right-wing politics. In the past couple of years, analyses of the right-wing use of the Internet have become more important (see e.g. Ernst et al. 2017; Müller and Schulz 2019; Stier et al. 2017), which is a consequence of the global proliferation of what Lukács termed reified consciousness. Nationalists communicate four aspects of right-wing authoritarianism over online media: top-down leadership, nationalism, the friend/enemy-scheme, and the need for militant measures against the constructed enemies (Fuchs 2018a).\n\nLet us have a look at an example: Breitbart is a far-right online news portal that frequently features nationalist propaganda and has supported Donald Trump. Its former executive chairman Steven Bannon was the chief executive officer of Trump’s presidential campaign and the Trump-executive’s White House Chief Strategist from January until August 2017. But the relations between Trump and Breitbart are older than that. On 11 July 2014, Breitbart published an article by Trump titled “A Country That Cannot Protect its Borders Will Not Last”. Trump wrote in this article:\n\nUSMC [United States Marine Corps] Sgt. Tahmooressi sacrified for our country, and while Obama is welcoming illegals, our Marine is locked in a Mexican jail. Mexico is allowing tens of thousands to go through their country and to our very stupid “open door” at the Mexican border. Frankly, Sgt. Tahmooressi is the only person who can’t come into our country! […] It’s clear to me that a country that cannot protect its borders will not last. What about the people at home? We are not caring for our own. […] We cannot, as a nation, continue this way. The underlying fear now is that Obama has planned it that way. […] The problem is easy to solve with leadership. We don’t have leadership in any capable capacity. It is a sad time for America. (Trump 2014)\n\nIn order to promote his piece, Trump shared a link to it on Twitter (see Figure 3.1). The background to this article is that former Marine Corps sergeant Andrew Tahmooressi was jailed in Mexico after he illegally crossed the border with three loaded guns in his car. All four elements of right-wing authoritarian ideology are present in Trump’s piece:\n\n• The friend/enemy-scheme: Trump constructs a national conflict between Mexico and the USA. Mexico is said to allow illegal immigrants to cross into the USA and to jail American soldiers. The channelling of immigrants and the jailing of a former soldier, who was put into prison not in his role as soldier, but as a private individual allegedly violating Mexican law, are presented as Mexican practices that harm US citizens;\n\nChapter Three | History and Class Consciousness 2.0\n\n85\n\nIdeology and Reified Consciousness","previous_page":84,"next_page":86}