{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","title":"人工智能政治哲学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208189485","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","id":"56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","uuid":"56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","title":"人工智能政治哲学","normalized_title":"人工智能政治哲学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208189485","isbns":["9787208189485"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":261,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":15,"pdf_page":31,"physical_index":31,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"55611fd33fbef3e50c03c574bee921f96e1e4c074831e97113b8945cc8563829"},"chapter":"第二章 自由：人工智能操纵与机器人奴役","content":"人工智能、监控和执法：剥夺消极自由\n\n正如我们在导论中所看到的，人工智能可用于执法。它还可以用于边境警务和机场安全。在世界各地，机场和其他边境口岸都在使用人脸识别技术和其他生物识别技术，如指纹和虹膜扫描。除了可能产生偏见和歧视（见下一章）以及对隐私的威胁(UNCRI and INTERPOL 2019）之外，其还可能导致各种侵犯个人自由的干预措施，包括逮捕和监禁。如果人工智能技术出现错误（比如对一个人作了错误归类、无法识别一张脸），个人可能会被错误逮捕、被拒绝庇护、被公开指控等等。一个“小”的误差可能会影响成千上万的旅客（Israel2020）。同样，利用机器学习“预测”犯罪的所谓“预测性警务”(predictive policing)，除了（再次）歧视之外，还可能导致不公正的剥夺自由的司法判决。更广泛地说，它可能会导致“卡夫卡式”的情形：不透明的决策过程和恣意、不公正的和无法解释的决定，严重影响被告的生活并威胁法治（Radavoi 2020，111-113；另见 Hildebrandt 2015)。\n\n第二章 自由：人工智能操纵与机器人奴役\n\n015","previous_page":14,"next_page":16}