{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","title":"人工智能政治哲学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208189485","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","id":"56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","uuid":"56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","title":"人工智能政治哲学","normalized_title":"人工智能政治哲学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208189485","isbns":["9787208189485"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":261,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":20,"pdf_page":36,"physical_index":36,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"183146efd302e4b0abcafa5ab1eb552ae955eb1d54015bb230ad7aae0d54d5de"},"chapter":"第二章 自由：人工智能操纵与机器人奴役","content":"应用密尔的伤害原则（harm principle）也是出了名的困难。在一个特定的案例中，究竟什么构成伤害，谁来界定对谁造成了哪种伤害，谁的伤害更重要？到底什么才算对消极自由的限制？例如，考虑一下在新冠疫情大流行期间，在特定场所戴口罩的义务引发了关于这些问题的争议：谁需要更多保护以免受伤害（风险)，戴口罩剥夺了消极自由吗？这些问题也与人工智能的使用相关。例如，即使某项人工智能技术在工作中不会出错，但机场安检程序中的扫描和人脸识别本身是否侵犯了我不受干涉的自由？用手搜查是否也是一种侵犯，如果是，是否比扫描器的侵犯更大？人脸识别错误本身是否构成伤害，还是取决于安保人员的潜在伤害行为？如果所有这一切都以恐怖主义风险为理由，那么这种小概率（但影响大）的风险，是否就能证成当我跨越边境时有理由采取干涉我的消极自由的措施，就能证成我遭受技术带来的新风险，包括由于技术错误而剥夺我的消极自由的风险？\n\n人工智能与人类行为的操纵：规避人类的自主性\n\n但是，如果这些问题涉及消极自由，那么什么是积极自由呢？\n\n人工智能政治哲学\n\n020","previous_page":19,"next_page":21}