{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","title":"人工智能政治哲学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208189485","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","id":"56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","uuid":"56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","title":"人工智能政治哲学","normalized_title":"人工智能政治哲学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208189485","isbns":["9787208189485"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":261,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/56fa816e-042b-40dd-9a08-6bc236c079d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":47,"pdf_page":63,"physical_index":63,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"2ef94c9b970782410deed7f5ac7b513840cf1d18e6b7852d2b9169713af16fe4"},"chapter":"第三章 平等与公正：人工智能的偏见与歧视","content":"第三章 平等与公正：人工智能的偏见与歧视\n\n导言：偏见与歧视是平等和公正问题的焦点\n\n数字技术和媒体不仅影响自由，也影响平等（equality）与公正（justice，又译“正义”）。梵·迪克（Van Dijk 2020）认为，网络技术在提高生产和分配效率与效益的同时，也导致了不平等的加剧：“在全球范围内，它促使各国综合和不平衡的发展……就当地而言，它推动形成了与全球信息基础设施直接相关的地区与那些不相关的地区之间的二元经济。”经济发展的这种差异造成了社会发展的不同“速度”。一部分人和国家从这些技术和媒体中比其他国家获益更多；这种批评也适用于人工智能。正如前一章所述，机器人技术中的人工智能可能会造成失业，从而加剧不平等。至少从18世纪末开始，自动化的发展就一直在进行。人工智能是这场自动化革命的下一步，它为少数人（人工智能和机器人技术的拥有者）创造了利益，而给多数人带来了失业的风险。这不仅是自由和解放的问题，也是不平等的问题。正如我们已经看到的，斯蒂格利茨等经济学家对收入不平等和社会分裂的加剧提出了警告：人工智能会影响整个社会。除非采取措施减少这些影响—例如，皮凯蒂及其同事建议对超过一定（高）门槛的人群征收高税收（Piketty，Saez，and Stantcheva 2011)；还有人建议普及基本收人—否则将产生严重的不平等和贫困等结果。\n\n047","previous_page":46,"next_page":48}