{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","title":"虚拟资本：金融怎样挪用我们的未来","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300330303","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","id":"5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","uuid":"5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","title":"虚拟资本：金融怎样挪用我们的未来","normalized_title":"虚拟资本金融怎样挪用我们的未来","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300330303","isbns":["9787300330303"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":236,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%99%9A%E6%8B%9F%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%EF%BC%9A%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E6%80%8E%E6%A0%B7%E6%8C%AA%E7%94%A8%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3/search"},"page":{"printed_page":"11 / 155","pdf_page":193,"physical_index":193,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"42ebf81d16533918063d9ec8ba75fb04d8e6860c5a5f5fdf29a59fa38f1b3ea2"},"chapter":"虚拟资本金融怎样挪用我们的未来","content":"两种极不相同的商品占有者必须互相对立和发生接触；一方面是货币、生产资料和生活资料的所有者，他们要购买他人的劳动力来增殖自己所占有的价值总额；另一方面是自由劳动者，自己劳动力的出卖者，也就是劳动的出卖者。自由劳动者有双重意义：他们本身既不像奴隶、农奴等等那样，直接属于生产资料之列，也不像自耕农等等那样，有生产资料属于他们，相反地，他们脱离生产资料而自由了，同生产资料分离了，失去了生产资料。商品市场的这种两极分化，造成了资本主义生产的基本条件(Marx, 1963, p. 1168)。\n\n诚然，劳动过程中的支配与劳动产品的所有权剥夺确实源于一种交易，但这种交易并非自愿进行。工人之所以同意，仅仅是因为他们没有为自己生产和维持自身劳动力的条件。无论形式如何，工资关系都表达了劳动与资本之间的这种不对称，它是资本主义的基础——工人与生产资料及其劳动产品的双重分离（Bettelheim，1976)。工资关系的变革反映了调动劳动创造力的需要以及权力关系的发展方式。但它们无法克服劳动与资本的对立，这种对立与分配冲突及政治冲突密不可分。这是剥削关系的必然结果。这就是当代政治经济学不相信股东价值最大化概念的主要原因。从历史的角度来看，这一概念取得的成功只不过是资本主义的一次进攻。\n\n第八章 无须积累的利润之谜\n\n11\n\n155","previous_page":192,"next_page":194}