{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","title":"虚拟资本：金融怎样挪用我们的未来","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300330303","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","id":"5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","uuid":"5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","title":"虚拟资本：金融怎样挪用我们的未来","normalized_title":"虚拟资本金融怎样挪用我们的未来","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300330303","isbns":["9787300330303"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":236,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%99%9A%E6%8B%9F%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%EF%BC%9A%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E6%80%8E%E6%A0%B7%E6%8C%AA%E7%94%A8%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3/search"},"page":{"printed_page":58,"pdf_page":96,"physical_index":96,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"b3b6cb10ad8dd2ab50101c2b1a563a327460221f8c8fadb89a4a9f49f08386ce"},"chapter":"虚拟资本金融怎样挪用我们的未来","content":"这一章开头提到的流动性这一非凡特征，对于在金融市场上交易的上市股票和公司债券也同样重要。与公债不同，后者确实代表了真正的资本，也就是由企业投资或用于其运营的资本。在这里，正是金融价值增殖模式中隐含的重复性造成了虚拟性的根源：\n\n但是，这个资本不能有双重存在：一次是作为所有权证书即股票的资本价值，另一次是作为在这些企业中实际已经投入或将要投入的资本。它只存在于后一种形式，股票不过是对这个资本所实现的剩余价值的一个相应部分的所有权证书（Marx，1968，p. 1194)。\n\n公司债券也是如此，但区别在于这里涉及的是信用而非财产所有权，因此资本化收人是利息，而不是股息或实际积累的资本。\n\n表3-1以一种简单的方式展示了马克思虚拟资本的基本范畴。它强调了这种虚拟性的各种基础以及它作为经济对象所形成的不同方式。对于银行信贷，更确切地说是银行超出其准备金发放的信用，这种虚拟性基于一个事实，即没有预先获得任何收入，而是对未来积累过程的预期。尽管如此，这种虚拟性依然受到监管，因为预期的偿还应该与被视作正常的商业发展相兼容。在传统银行信贷中，银行持有债务，因此不会经历重新评估的过程。①这种广泛的银行信贷类别还包括银行通过对企业间债务进行贴现交易而获得的商业信用。\n\n虛拟资本：金融怎样挪用我们的未来\n\n①当然，如今情况已不再如此，大部分债务都被证券化以允许其流通。\n\n58","previous_page":null,"next_page":null}