{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","title":"虚拟资本：金融怎样挪用我们的未来","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300330303","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","id":"5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","uuid":"5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","title":"虚拟资本：金融怎样挪用我们的未来","normalized_title":"虚拟资本金融怎样挪用我们的未来","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300330303","isbns":["9787300330303"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":236,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%99%9A%E6%8B%9F%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%EF%BC%9A%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E6%80%8E%E6%A0%B7%E6%8C%AA%E7%94%A8%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3/search"},"page":{"printed_page":63,"pdf_page":101,"physical_index":101,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"e0756d202c7d44547e0ccb1553a386674ee1f230a357a2834edc94f4428f9007"},"chapter":"虚拟资本金融怎样挪用我们的未来","content":"托马斯·皮凯蒂（Thomas Piketty）的热门著作《21世纪资本论》(Capital in the Twenty - First Century) 惊人地记录了20世纪80年代以来收人不平等的激增，更重要的是财富不平等的激增。这是一部具有重大政治影响力的作品。它表明，精英统治在当代资本主义经济中只是一个神话。并且，对最富有者减税会产生有利于最贫穷者的间接影响（涓滴效应），这种观点是没有依据的。皮凯蒂对保守思想霸权发起了重大挑战。所以，美国企业研究所（American Enterprise Institute）的詹姆斯·佩索库基斯（James Pethokoukis）说得没错：“《21世纪资本论》中的‘软性马克思主义’如果不受质疑，就会传播开来…重塑政治经济格局，未来所有的政策斗争都将在此基础上展开。”皮凯蒂的著作虽然优点众多，但自出版以来一直厂受争议，存在着许多理论上的问题。这里我们特别感兴趣的问题是皮凯蒂关干资本概念的模糊性，更确切地说是该书用来论证的理论定义和支撑其论证的统计数据之间所存在的差距。\n\n皮凯蒂的理论分析表明，资本占总收入的份额（α）等于利润率（r）乘以资本（K）与产量（Y）之间的比率：α=r(K/Y)。该比率与资本作为生产要素——生产中使用的机器、建筑物、软件等的定义相关。相反，皮凯蒂在他的实证分析中考虑了关系α=r·β。资本占总收入的份额（α）等于资本回报即利润率（r）乘以资本财富收入比（β）。因此，他从资本作为生产要素的分析性概念转向了资本财富的实证定义，其中包括股票、债券、信贷、知识产权、房地产资产总量等。他对资本的理论和实证分类之间的这种不一致对我们如何解释最近一个时期产生了重大影响。\n\n第四章 虚拟资本在当代的崛起\n\n63","previous_page":null,"next_page":64}