{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","title":"虚拟资本：金融怎样挪用我们的未来","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300330303","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","id":"5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","uuid":"5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","title":"虚拟资本：金融怎样挪用我们的未来","normalized_title":"虚拟资本金融怎样挪用我们的未来","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300330303","isbns":["9787300330303"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":236,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%99%9A%E6%8B%9F%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%EF%BC%9A%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E6%80%8E%E6%A0%B7%E6%8C%AA%E7%94%A8%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5aba73df-238c-4ba0-bd59-c6ff3e9099f3/search"},"page":{"printed_page":98,"pdf_page":136,"physical_index":136,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"3967aaf82b764afae80080a0f26e001dbb4c244c98fcf96e8db93b55169e0e98"},"chapter":"虚拟资本金融怎样挪用我们的未来","content":"利润的异质来源\n\n金融利润最简单的形式是贷款业务期间收取的利息。此类收人的社会内容各不相同，包括提供给家庭的贷款和提供给国家甚至公司的贷款。\n\n转让所得利润\n\n家庭支付的利息相当于前资本主义形式的收入，马克思本人也注意到了这种收入的持续性。我们应该感谢科斯塔斯·拉帕维察斯，感谢他让我们认识到这种利息在当代经济中发挥着越来越重要的作用(Lapavitsas，2013；Lapavitsas et Levina，2010)。这些转让后的利润相当于从个人家庭收入中直接扣减。这是一种二次剥削形式，与生产过程中剩余价值的榨取无关。马克思区分了两种形式的二次剥削。在第一种形式中，工人在形式上保持独立，但他们获得生产资料的条件是特定的高利贷阶级向他们提供贷款。在第二种情况下，利息来自为消费提供资金的贷款。在每种情况下，利息都是从借款人那里征收收入的一种手段，而不经过生产过程。“高利贷资本有资本的剥削方式，但没有资本的生产方式。”（Marx，1968，pp.241-248)\n\n虚拟资本：金融怎样挪用我们的未来\n\n① 准确地说，我们还应该把金融人员乃至非金融企业金融部门人员所领取的高额工资和奖金计算在内。的确，这些工资与金融利润具有相同的社会内涵，尽管国家会计机构并没有将其正式记录在案。遗憾的是，现有数据不允许我们对这一层面进行探讨。关于这一点，参见 Godechol(2013)。\n\n98","previous_page":null,"next_page":null}