{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","uuid":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","normalized_title":"回到马克思经济学语境中的哲学话语第四版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","isbns":["9787214205940","9783050033501","9783050033518","9783050042817","9783050033532","9783110485776","9783110457605","9783050033549","9783050033556","9783050033563","9783050033570","9783050036106","9783110517675","9783050033587","9783050033594","9783050045887","9783050033600","9783050033617","9783050033624","9783050033631","9783050033648","9783050033655","9783050046747","9783050034829","9783050045931","9783050042459","9783050033686","9783050060040","9783050042275","9783050033761","9783050038667","9783050033785","9783050033792","9783050033808","9783050033815","9783050033822","9783050041773","9783050041384","9783050041742","9783050037332","9783050037974","9783050033839","9783050033846","9783050033853","9783050033860","9783050033877","9783050033884","9783050033891","9783050033907","9783050034638","9783050034867","9783050041803","9783050049847","9783050036755","9783050060248","9783050033914","9783050033921","9783050033983","9783050033938","9783050061238","9783050033945","9783050033952","9783050033969","9783050033976","9783050034881","9783110517651","9783110583694","9783050046730","9783050033990","9783050034409"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":882,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%9B%9E%E5%88%B0%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%EF%BC%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%AD%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":139,"pdf_page":192,"physical_index":192,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"9de95fb6e531a60637c768c629aaa812f8ca05ecb3ab017fe47ea58f3fd4f8fa"},"chapter":"第一章青年马克思初次面对经济学的支援背景","content":"Leipzig:OttoWigand，1845)一书的出版。施蒂纳的这本书第一次全面批判了费尔巴哈甚至启蒙思想以来的古典人本主义逻辑，在一定的意义上，施蒂纳也是近代西方思想史上在现代性的语境中第一个自觉消解形而上学的人。很显然，施蒂纳“打倒一切”的做法深深刺痛了赫斯。\n\n为了反驳施蒂纳，赫斯此文中的讨论再一次操持起哲学。赫斯说，今天德国的哲学家们没有意识到，仅仅在理论上(theoretisch)进行批判是注定要失败的，他要求理论复归现实生活(wirklichesLeben)，必须进行实践上(praktisch)的扬弃。\n\n人们陷入的分离状态，在实践上(Praktisch)只有通过社会主义(Socialismus)，即人们紧密团结，在共同体(Gemeinschaft)中生活，在其中劳动，并通过扬弃私人所得，才能够得到扬弃。只要人们在现实即社会生活中处于分离状态，并且个人与人类的区别停留在理论上即“意识”中，那么人们在现实生活中不仅仍旧相互分离，而且在意识中也仍旧相互分裂。①\n\n你看，赫斯似乎已经获得一种超出一切德国哲学家们的高招，因为他已经意识到理论批判与社会主义实践的正确关系。市民社会(bürgerlicheGesellschaft)中发生的一切，不再只是通过哲学的批判，而是在社会生活中的实践来改变。他甚至说，“我不想写关于哲学的否定的哲学读物(philosophischen Bücher)”②!这与马克思恩格斯在《神圣家族》和《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》中的转变方向是基本一致的。\n\n赫斯说，“我们过去的全部历史，不外是社会的动物界（socialeThierwelt)的历史”，而现代的小贩世界则是这种社会动物界的终极点。\n\n小贩世界，是社会体的外化的生命(entäußerten LebendessocialenKörpers)，即在货币中，享受自身外化的生命。所谓小贩世界存在的货币渴望(Gelddurst)，就是食肉兽具有的血渴望。如食肉兽喜欢掠夺(食肉)那样，小商人世界是贪欲的。渴望货币的所有动物，自己的理论的本质，不仅吃尽自己的神，并且首先吃尽自己的外化的本质、货币。①\n\n第一章 青年马克思初次面对经济学的支援背景\n\n①[德]赫斯：《最后的哲学家》，载《赫斯精粹》，南京大学出版社2010年版，第184页。\n\n②[德]赫斯：《最后的哲学家》，载《赫斯精粹》，南京大学出版社2010年版，第187页。\n\n139","previous_page":138,"next_page":140}