{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","uuid":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","normalized_title":"回到马克思经济学语境中的哲学话语第四版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","isbns":["9787214205940","9783050033501","9783050033518","9783050042817","9783050033532","9783110485776","9783110457605","9783050033549","9783050033556","9783050033563","9783050033570","9783050036106","9783110517675","9783050033587","9783050033594","9783050045887","9783050033600","9783050033617","9783050033624","9783050033631","9783050033648","9783050033655","9783050046747","9783050034829","9783050045931","9783050042459","9783050033686","9783050060040","9783050042275","9783050033761","9783050038667","9783050033785","9783050033792","9783050033808","9783050033815","9783050033822","9783050041773","9783050041384","9783050041742","9783050037332","9783050037974","9783050033839","9783050033846","9783050033853","9783050033860","9783050033877","9783050033884","9783050033891","9783050033907","9783050034638","9783050034867","9783050041803","9783050049847","9783050036755","9783050060248","9783050033914","9783050033921","9783050033983","9783050033938","9783050061238","9783050033945","9783050033952","9783050033969","9783050033976","9783050034881","9783110517651","9783110583694","9783050046730","9783050033990","9783050034409"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":882,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%9B%9E%E5%88%B0%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%EF%BC%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%AD%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":212,"pdf_page":265,"physical_index":265,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"51357594e90134e0a9da8da71848c41eaaed02a90198ef27fdba61f790ead3dc"},"chapter":"第二章 经济学语境中哲学话语的沉默与凸现","content":"从以上分析可以看到，马克思的这种理论布展的脉络十分清楚它经历了从对社会政治分立(异化)的关注步入对社会经济领域的异化现象的关心，再从对金钱异化的具体批判步入对经济关系异化的总体逻辑的哲学批判的过程。然后，马克思将从交换领域走向劳动生产，劳动异化的思想开始生成。这个行进方向与古典经济学从交换到生产的逻辑也是一致的。这恐怕也是赫斯没有跨出的重要一步。\n\n4. 理论建构C:劳动异化逻辑的初步设定\n\n第三个重要的理论提升是劳动异化理论的初步形成。在这里，青年马克思从社会关系异化直接提升出人的本质异化之根源是劳动活动的畸变，这种观点意味着青年马克思自己自主性的人本主义异化史观的最初建立。用马克思此时的话来说，即“交换关系的前提是劳动成为直接谋生的劳动(unmittelbaren Erwerbsarbeit)”①。这里的Erwerb一词是“挣得”、“赚钱收入”的意思，是赫斯最常用的概念。在《货币的本质》一文中，赫斯先后13次使用此词。此时，马克思还没有使用赫斯已经使用的雇佣劳动(Lohnarbeit)一词。马克思在这里探讨的是劳动异化的经济学本质。\n\n在此时的马克思看来，劳动虽然是人的生活来源，但它的目的本来应该是劳动者的“个人存在的积极实现”，是他个人的“自我享受”，以及劳动者本人的“天然禀赋和精神目的的实现”。②这是劳动者本人的一种生命的总体需要，可是，现在这种生命的需要在交换关系中发生了某种畸变：一是这里的劳动本身和劳动产品都与劳动者的“需要、同他的劳动使命没有任何直接的关系”，反倒成了外在的某种客观“社会组合”；二是购买产品的人自己不从事劳动生产，只是换取别人生产的东西。③由于劳动产品“是作为价值，作为交换价值，作为等价物来生产的，不再是为了它同生产者直接的个体关系而生产的”，所以，对于劳动者来说，社会的需要固然是多方面的，可是劳动本身却变得越来越“单方面”，劳动“陷入谋生的劳动(Erwerbsarbeit)的范畴，直到最后他的劳动的意义仅仅归于谋生的劳动并成为完全偶然的和非本质的”①。\n\n马克思主义研究丛书·回到马克思\n\n①②③参见《马克思恩格斯全集》第42卷，人民出版社1979年版，第28页。\n\n212","previous_page":211,"next_page":213}