{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","uuid":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","normalized_title":"回到马克思经济学语境中的哲学话语第四版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","isbns":["9787214205940","9783050033501","9783050033518","9783050042817","9783050033532","9783110485776","9783110457605","9783050033549","9783050033556","9783050033563","9783050033570","9783050036106","9783110517675","9783050033587","9783050033594","9783050045887","9783050033600","9783050033617","9783050033624","9783050033631","9783050033648","9783050033655","9783050046747","9783050034829","9783050045931","9783050042459","9783050033686","9783050060040","9783050042275","9783050033761","9783050038667","9783050033785","9783050033792","9783050033808","9783050033815","9783050033822","9783050041773","9783050041384","9783050041742","9783050037332","9783050037974","9783050033839","9783050033846","9783050033853","9783050033860","9783050033877","9783050033884","9783050033891","9783050033907","9783050034638","9783050034867","9783050041803","9783050049847","9783050036755","9783050060248","9783050033914","9783050033921","9783050033983","9783050033938","9783050061238","9783050033945","9783050033952","9783050033969","9783050033976","9783050034881","9783110517651","9783110583694","9783050046730","9783050033990","9783050034409"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":882,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%9B%9E%E5%88%B0%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%EF%BC%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%AD%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":258,"pdf_page":311,"physical_index":311,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"707f33c9da064dccaf4e5c1f751e8e69dd9d4288cdb13557c629bdbc10216144"},"chapter":"第三章 人本学劳动异化史观与走向客观经济现实的复调语境","content":"与资本不同，地产(Grundeigentum)是还带有地方的和政治的偏见的私有财产、资本，是还没有完全摆脱周围世界的纠缠而回到自身的资本，即还没有完成的资本。资本必然要在它的世界发展过程中达到它的抽象的即纯粹的表现。①\n\n摆脱“没有完成的资本”之类的形而上学意味，这事实上是说明了建立在土地之上的农业生产的狭隘地域性，以及这种生产本身对自然界的依附性(“周围世界的纠缠”)。与之不同的是资产阶级社会生产的世界性和抽象性，世界性是运动着的资本对超越地域性后的扩张，抽象性是生产的非自然性即人类劳动的主体能动性。我并不认为，马克思在这里已经深刻领悟了这个观点的科学内涵。关于这一点，马克思一直到1845年以后的《德意志意识形态》，特别是后来的《共产党宣言》中才真实地给予确证。\n\n我发现，马克思开始很有保留地指认资产阶级社会经济发展导致社会进步这个事实。因此马克思特意用了两个“据说”：首先，“据说，动产(Mobiliareigentum)已经使人民获得了政治的自由，解脱了市民社会(bürgerlichen Gesellschaft)的桎梏，把世界连成一体，创造了博爱的商业、纯粹的道德、温文尔雅的教养；它给人民以文明的需要来代替粗陋的需要，并提供了满足需要的手段”②。其次，“据说，资本的文明的胜利恰恰在于，资本发现并促使人的劳动代替死的物而成为财富的源泉”③。相对于《黑格尔法哲学批判》及其导言中的论述，马克思对资产阶级社会的历史进步(“政治解放”)有了一种新的认识基础，这就是客观的社会经济发展才决定了人的解放。这正我们前面已经说明的那种存在于古典经济学中的社会唯物主义思想。马克思后来深刻地发现，对资产阶级来说，过去是有历史的，而对资产阶级社会而言则是没有历史的。令人遗憾的是，马克思并没有在哲学意义上肯定这种逻辑方向。相反，这个理论质点却不自觉地存在于古典经济学中。我已经指认过，这是后来历史唯物主义的真正源发处。这也是下文我们即将看到的马克思在第三笔记本中，不自觉地成为他自己思想运作的异质于人本主义逻辑的第二种客观理论逻辑的重要基础。\n\n马克思主义研究丛书·回到马克思\n\n①《马克思恩格斯全集》第42卷，人民出版社1979年版，第110页。\n\n②《马克思恩格斯全集》第42卷，人民出版社1979年版，第109页。\n\n③《马克思恩格斯全集》第42卷，人民出版社1979年版，第110页。\n\n258","previous_page":257,"next_page":259}