{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","uuid":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","normalized_title":"回到马克思经济学语境中的哲学话语第四版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","isbns":["9787214205940","9783050033501","9783050033518","9783050042817","9783050033532","9783110485776","9783110457605","9783050033549","9783050033556","9783050033563","9783050033570","9783050036106","9783110517675","9783050033587","9783050033594","9783050045887","9783050033600","9783050033617","9783050033624","9783050033631","9783050033648","9783050033655","9783050046747","9783050034829","9783050045931","9783050042459","9783050033686","9783050060040","9783050042275","9783050033761","9783050038667","9783050033785","9783050033792","9783050033808","9783050033815","9783050033822","9783050041773","9783050041384","9783050041742","9783050037332","9783050037974","9783050033839","9783050033846","9783050033853","9783050033860","9783050033877","9783050033884","9783050033891","9783050033907","9783050034638","9783050034867","9783050041803","9783050049847","9783050036755","9783050060248","9783050033914","9783050033921","9783050033983","9783050033938","9783050061238","9783050033945","9783050033952","9783050033969","9783050033976","9783050034881","9783110517651","9783110583694","9783050046730","9783050033990","9783050034409"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":882,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%9B%9E%E5%88%B0%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%EF%BC%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%AD%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":338,"pdf_page":391,"physical_index":391,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"a573cf53723207795a5fc3481576b23ee31b6f43c03cad9331e2d461d1f44919"},"chapter":"第四章 马克思主义哲学革命前夜的实验性文本","content":"我注意到，马克思在这里依然没有区分资产阶级早期政治经济学中所存在的唯物主义的双重语境，即承认物质生产是社会存在与发展的一般前提的社会唯物主义，以及将资产阶级社会生产方式永恒化的物役性的“唯物主义”，后者也就是后来马克思所说的拜物教。马克思针对后一种语境完全否定了资产阶级经济学中的“无精神的唯物主义”①、“经济学的工业唯物主义”、“机器唯物主义”、“可厌的唯物主义”②、“肮脏的唯物主义”③。这是一种使“大多数人变为商品’、变为“交换价值’、使他们屈服于整个交换价值的物质条件的学说”④。正是在这个意义上，马克思才要“破除美化‘生产力'(“Produktivokraft”)'的神秘灵光”。因为在资产阶级经济学中，人力（Menschenkraft）是与水力、蒸汽力和马力(Wasserkraft，Dampfkraft，Pferdekraft)排列在一起的。马克思气愤地问道：“人同马、蒸汽、水全都充当力量’的角色，这难道是对人的高度赞扬吗？”⑤可是，也正于此，我发现马克思诚然试图否定资产阶级社会这种反人的社会制度(坏的“是”)，但他也没有再直接使用不久前他还运用的重要逻辑构件，即“应该”。他没有再先验地设定人应该是什么。从上下文语境看，这并不意味着马克思在哲学上的一种自觉，而体现了人本主义逻辑在经济现实分析中的亚意图自我弱化。而且，马克思坚持否定人类主体与自己创造物的颠倒关系，但这一次却不是“异化的扬弃”。马克思指出，废除私有财产只有被理解为“废除‘劳动’”，并且，“这种废除只有通过劳动本身才有可能，就是说，只有通过社会的物质活动才有可能，而决不能把它理解为用一种范畴代替另一种范畴”①。显而易见，马克思正在无意识地接近一种新的总体历史观，即原来在《1844年手稿》中双重逻辑结构处于萌芽状态的那种从社会现实出发的客观逻辑。\n\n马克思主义研究丛书·回到马克思\n\n①《马克思恩格斯全集》第42卷，人民出版社1979年版，第240页。\n\n②《马克思恩格斯全集》第42卷，人民出版社1979年版，第251页。\n\n③④《马克思恩格斯全集》第42卷，人民出版社1979年版，第255页。\n\n⑤《马克思恩格斯全集》第42卷，人民出版社1979年版，第261页。\n\n338","previous_page":337,"next_page":339}