{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","uuid":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","normalized_title":"回到马克思经济学语境中的哲学话语第四版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","isbns":["9787214205940","9783050033501","9783050033518","9783050042817","9783050033532","9783110485776","9783110457605","9783050033549","9783050033556","9783050033563","9783050033570","9783050036106","9783110517675","9783050033587","9783050033594","9783050045887","9783050033600","9783050033617","9783050033624","9783050033631","9783050033648","9783050033655","9783050046747","9783050034829","9783050045931","9783050042459","9783050033686","9783050060040","9783050042275","9783050033761","9783050038667","9783050033785","9783050033792","9783050033808","9783050033815","9783050033822","9783050041773","9783050041384","9783050041742","9783050037332","9783050037974","9783050033839","9783050033846","9783050033853","9783050033860","9783050033877","9783050033884","9783050033891","9783050033907","9783050034638","9783050034867","9783050041803","9783050049847","9783050036755","9783050060248","9783050033914","9783050033921","9783050033983","9783050033938","9783050061238","9783050033945","9783050033952","9783050033969","9783050033976","9783050034881","9783110517651","9783110583694","9783050046730","9783050033990","9783050034409"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":882,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%9B%9E%E5%88%B0%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%EF%BC%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%AD%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":339,"pdf_page":392,"physical_index":392,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"abe15c4d1fe6e74da3da59b947b742fa90b54272065c8e79df924f6c3548bea9"},"chapter":"第四章 马克思主义哲学革命前夜的实验性文本","content":"我们可以看到，马克思在第一章中已经注意到“在以往的社会基础上充分发展了的工业”的实践。②如果说在原来的逻辑构架中，马克思主要关心的是人学的“应该”，那么在这里，他开始关注历史的、必然发生的“是”正在消除坏的“是”，“应该”(在借用的意义上)是可以通过现实途径实现的。于是，马克思话锋一转，提出了另一种假设：是否可以不从资产阶级社会这种“肮脏的买卖利益的观点”来看待工业，其实在人的生存意义上，工业也可以被看作是“大作坊”，“在这里人第一次占有他自己的和自然的力量（eignen und die Naturkräfte)，使自己对象化(vergegenständlicht)，为自己创造人的生活条件(Leben geschaffen)”③。请注意，此时马克思没有区分生产力与生产关系，因此现实的“工业”变成资产阶级社会的代用名词：工业=资产阶级社会。所以马克思经常直接说，“工业的统治造成的对大多数人的奴役已经成为众所周知的事实”④。这个工业是“布匹、纱线、自动走绽精纺机、大量的工厂奴隶、机器唯物主义、工厂主先生满满的钱袋”⑤。他将资产阶级社会称之为“工厂制度”，在这里，“工业主义成为社会的调节者”(西斯蒙第语)。“工厂是社会的组织者，工厂所造成的竞争制度是最好的社会联合。工厂制度所创造的社会组织是真正的社会组织”①。可在实质上，“现实的社会组织是无精神的唯物主义，个人唯灵主义，个人主义”。因为在这里，“工厂变成了一位女神，工业力的女神。工厂主就是这种力的祭司”②。也是在这一点上，马克思批评了圣西门的社会主义。他认为，“圣西门学派狂热赞美工业的生产力量(die produktive Macht derIndustrie)。它把工业唤起的力量同工业本身即同工业给这种力量所提供的目前的生存条件混为一谈了。”③于是，他们对工业生产力的赞美成了对资产阶级的赞美。马克思认为，不能将“工业违反自己意志而无意识地创造的生产力归功于现代工业，把二者即把工业同工业无意识地并违反自己意志而造成的、一旦废除了工业就能成为人类的力量，人的威力而造成的那种力量混淆起来”④。\n\n第四章马克思主义哲学革命前夜的实验性文本\n\n①《马克思恩格斯全集》第42卷，人民出版社1979年版，第255页。\n\n②参见《马克思恩格斯全集》第42卷，人民出版社1979年版，第249页。\n\n③《马克思恩格斯全集》第42卷，人民出版社1979年版，第257页。\n\n④《马克思恩格斯全集》第42卷，人民出版社1979年版，第239页。\n\n⑤《马克思恩格斯全集》第42卷，人民出版社1979年版，第240页。\n\n339","previous_page":338,"next_page":340}