{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","uuid":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","normalized_title":"回到马克思经济学语境中的哲学话语第四版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","isbns":["9787214205940","9783050033501","9783050033518","9783050042817","9783050033532","9783110485776","9783110457605","9783050033549","9783050033556","9783050033563","9783050033570","9783050036106","9783110517675","9783050033587","9783050033594","9783050045887","9783050033600","9783050033617","9783050033624","9783050033631","9783050033648","9783050033655","9783050046747","9783050034829","9783050045931","9783050042459","9783050033686","9783050060040","9783050042275","9783050033761","9783050038667","9783050033785","9783050033792","9783050033808","9783050033815","9783050033822","9783050041773","9783050041384","9783050041742","9783050037332","9783050037974","9783050033839","9783050033846","9783050033853","9783050033860","9783050033877","9783050033884","9783050033891","9783050033907","9783050034638","9783050034867","9783050041803","9783050049847","9783050036755","9783050060248","9783050033914","9783050033921","9783050033983","9783050033938","9783050061238","9783050033945","9783050033952","9783050033969","9783050033976","9783050034881","9783110517651","9783110583694","9783050046730","9783050033990","9783050034409"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":882,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%9B%9E%E5%88%B0%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%EF%BC%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%AD%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":392,"pdf_page":445,"physical_index":445,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"58e2f8f21c2765abf56bbe74ff23071086b64c53f9d06420eb73b41ed03d57fb"},"chapter":"第五章 马克思哲学新视域建构的重要理论参照系","content":"会发展规律：\n\n当我们进一步考察文明的发展就能发现几乎在所有的国家中，不论它们的政体形式怎样，也不论它们的状况如何，制造业(当然还有制造业所必需的种种知识)总是接着农业出现；而一旦人们生活在海洋的沿岸(海洋冲刷着整个适于人类居住的地球)，商业以及航海和造船的技能又总是接着制造业出现。①\n\n他还认为，任何个人不论他如何聪明，他的思想总由他所生活的时代以及他作为其中一员的那个社会“塑造而成”②，“社会对每个人智力的影响比其它一切影响都更为重要”③。用马克思后来的表述来讲，即是一切观念都属于一定的时代。霍吉斯金以瓦特为例，“上个世纪中，作为一名学者和机械师，也许没有能超过詹姆斯·瓦特的人了；但他是由于他能出生在18世纪的英国，这样才使他能拥有他的大部分科学和机械知识”④。假设他出生在并不发达的南美瓜乔人之中，他永远不会发明出蒸汽机来，同时，“除非在燃料丰富并已建立起制造业的、人口稠密的国家内，蒸汽机是没有效用的”⑤。人们的发明和思想都基于先前社会的发展，“他们的成就、他们的设计和他们的思想与他们的先辈以及他们周围所有的人的成就、设计和思想紧密地和不可分割地联系着；他们的发明和发现是以前的发明和发展的必然结果。”⑥可见，科学的出现取决于一定的社会条件(时间和地点)，更重要的是，产业工人队伍的存在也是其必要条件。如果没有产业工人，瓦特的发明也是空中楼阁，不可能得以实现。以他的理想，“观察与实践、脑力劳动与体力劳动应该携手并进”⑦。我认为，霍吉斯金的这些观点深中肯綮，十分有价值。\n\n马克思主义研究丛书·回到马克思\n\n①[英]霍吉斯金：《通俗政治经济学》，王铁生译，商务印书馆1996年版，第79—80页。\n\n②③④⑤[英]霍吉斯金：《通俗政治经济学》，王铁生译，商务印书馆1996年版，第82页。\n\n⑥[英]霍吉斯金：《通俗政治经济学》，王铁生译，商务印书馆1996年版，第84页。可参考马克思在《哲学的贫困》一书中的相关论述。\n\n⑦[英]霍吉斯金：《通俗政治经济学》，王铁生译，商务印书馆1996年版，第85页。\n\n392","previous_page":391,"next_page":393}