{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","uuid":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","normalized_title":"回到马克思经济学语境中的哲学话语第四版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","isbns":["9787214205940","9783050033501","9783050033518","9783050042817","9783050033532","9783110485776","9783110457605","9783050033549","9783050033556","9783050033563","9783050033570","9783050036106","9783110517675","9783050033587","9783050033594","9783050045887","9783050033600","9783050033617","9783050033624","9783050033631","9783050033648","9783050033655","9783050046747","9783050034829","9783050045931","9783050042459","9783050033686","9783050060040","9783050042275","9783050033761","9783050038667","9783050033785","9783050033792","9783050033808","9783050033815","9783050033822","9783050041773","9783050041384","9783050041742","9783050037332","9783050037974","9783050033839","9783050033846","9783050033853","9783050033860","9783050033877","9783050033884","9783050033891","9783050033907","9783050034638","9783050034867","9783050041803","9783050049847","9783050036755","9783050060248","9783050033914","9783050033921","9783050033983","9783050033938","9783050061238","9783050033945","9783050033952","9783050033969","9783050033976","9783050034881","9783110517651","9783110583694","9783050046730","9783050033990","9783050034409"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":882,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%9B%9E%E5%88%B0%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%EF%BC%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%AD%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":46,"pdf_page":99,"physical_index":99,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"de5694b30dd5b1829f439c5b3cf70d98255a50efd2ee49ec78b3a3634e901bac"},"chapter":"第一章青年马克思初次面对经济学的支援背景","content":"我们将理论深度盘再向前推进一格。首先，在过去的经济学研究中，有一个基本的共识，即配第较早提出这样的观点：财富的源泉不是在流通领域而是在物质生产领域。用马克思后来的科学的经济学话语来表述即：“真正的现代经济科学，只是当理论研究从流通过程转向生产过程的时候才开始。”①这就从重商主义的经济决定论向前又迈出了决定性的一步。我发现，经济决定论中的从流通到生产的过渡不仅具有经济学的意义，而且暗含着重大的哲学意义。这是从社会现象(交换关系)到本质的一种重大进展，它第一次确立了物质生产在社会生活中的决定性基始作用。\n\n其次，配第进一步明确地区分社会财富与自然财富。“社会财富”被界定为对国家、社会具有实际效用和价值的物品。②我以为，社会财富这个概念本身就极具哲学的抽象意味。因为在配第那里，与自然财富不同，社会财富的基础恰恰是手工业生产和生产中的技艺！为此，他曾经十分详尽地说明荷兰经济发展与工业的关系。③显然，相对于农产品与自然生产条件的关系，社会财富与新物质生产(工业)的关联也是哲学历史观中的进步。\n\n再次，最重要的是，配第直接指认了这种新的社会财富与劳动的关系：“我们所谓的国家财富、资产及储备，都是以前或过去劳动的成果，不应该把它看成和现有的各种能力有别，而应把它们和现有的能力作同样的评价。”④在政治经济学学说史上，这是劳动价值论的一个前期线索。从历史哲学的逻辑线索上看，配第的劳动价值论实际上是对生产中人类主体性的第一次确认，也是对社会财富本质的第一次科学抽象！这种抽象必然导致这样一种结果：“产业的巨大和终极的成果”不是有形的、具体的物品，也不是粮食、肉类等“一时一地的财富”，而是货币这种一般的财富，即“它们在任何时候，任何地方都是财富”。①如果结合他的劳动价值论，这种一般财富论是极其发人深省的。这里有四个相互递进的规定，即社会财富、生产、劳动和货币一般。它们之间构成息息相通、相互依存的关系：从流通到生产，从自然财富到社会财富，从农业到工业，从劳动到货币一般，从自然价格到政治价格。从哲学历史观的大逻辑看，配第在古典经济学上的开端与进步，同时也是哲学历史观大飞跃的起点。固然这种进步还带有初步思考的抽象和粗糙感，但毕竟闪烁着天才般兆示的真理之光。\n\n马克思主义研究丛书·回到马克思\n\n①《马克思恩格斯全集》第25卷(上)，人民出版社1974年版，第376页。\n\n②参见[英]配第《政治算术》，载王亚南主编《资产阶级古典政治经济学选辑》，商务印书馆1979年版，第89页。\n\n③参见[英]配第《政治算术》，载王亚南主编《资产阶级古典政治经济学选辑》，商务印书馆1979年版，第79页。\n\n④[英]配第：《赋税论·献给英明人士·货币略论》，陈冬野等译，商务印书馆1978年版，第104页。\n\n46","previous_page":45,"next_page":47}