{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","uuid":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","normalized_title":"回到马克思经济学语境中的哲学话语第四版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","isbns":["9787214205940","9783050033501","9783050033518","9783050042817","9783050033532","9783110485776","9783110457605","9783050033549","9783050033556","9783050033563","9783050033570","9783050036106","9783110517675","9783050033587","9783050033594","9783050045887","9783050033600","9783050033617","9783050033624","9783050033631","9783050033648","9783050033655","9783050046747","9783050034829","9783050045931","9783050042459","9783050033686","9783050060040","9783050042275","9783050033761","9783050038667","9783050033785","9783050033792","9783050033808","9783050033815","9783050033822","9783050041773","9783050041384","9783050041742","9783050037332","9783050037974","9783050033839","9783050033846","9783050033853","9783050033860","9783050033877","9783050033884","9783050033891","9783050033907","9783050034638","9783050034867","9783050041803","9783050049847","9783050036755","9783050060248","9783050033914","9783050033921","9783050033983","9783050033938","9783050061238","9783050033945","9783050033952","9783050033969","9783050033976","9783050034881","9783110517651","9783110583694","9783050046730","9783050033990","9783050034409"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":882,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%9B%9E%E5%88%B0%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%EF%BC%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%AD%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":478,"pdf_page":531,"physical_index":531,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"dc0522747a344d909a54246f6bdaf2e9c3fa493aa2ff25c9fc3d8f77cbb74188"},"chapter":"第六章 马克思科学世界观的理论建构","content":"1. 马克思的“历史科学”话语和历史规定\n\n在《德意志意识形态》第一卷第一章第四手稿中有这样一段话：“我们仅仅知道一门唯一的科学，即历史科学（dieWissenschaft derGeschichte)。历史可以从两方面来考察，可以把它划分为自然史和人类史。但这两方面是密切相联的；只要有人类存在，自然史和人类史就彼此相互制约”②。马克思这里的语境边界非常清楚，“唯一的科学，即历史科学”。在第一章手稿中，马克思没有直接使用“历史唯物主义”，但多处指认这是一种与唯心主义相对立的“历史的理解能力”(Geschichtsauffassung)。这个Auffassung在德文中有“见解”、“观点”、“看法”，以及“理解能力”的意思。关键在于，这个历史科学的语义究竟指向什么？对此，我们先不抽象地进行理论设定，而是先从文本的语境着手进行分析。\n\n在《德意志意识形态》最先写下的第一章第一手稿的第1页的第一自然段，马克思是这样提出对历史的指认的：针对“德意志意识形态”哲学家关于人的“解放”的主观思想视域(鲍威尔、费尔巴哈的神学批判中的人的解放，施蒂纳的“类哲学”批判中的“个人解放”等)，马克思区分了哲学的解放和真正的解放即现实的解放(第1页第二个边注)。马克思指出哲学的解放哪怕再彻底(施蒂纳近乎虚无主义的“无”)，“人’的‘解放’也并没有前进一步；只有在现实的世界中并使用现实的手段才能实现真正的解放”①。根据这个语义规定，我们看出马克思的现实解放就是人的感性物质活动所构成的社会实践。所以马克思进一步举例论证：\n\n马克思主义研究丛书·回到马克思\n\n①马克思在文本中同时使用Geschichte和Historie两词。Geschichte一词意为“历史的”、“历史性的”，此词的源生词义有“发生”和“生成”之意；而Historie在德文中意为“历史”、“历史学”。在此文本中，马克思使用Geschichte偏多，达331次，而使用Historie及其组合词计112次。后来的海德格尔、卢卡奇则都重点使用Geschichte来表征哲学意义上的“历史性”。——本书作者第三版注。\n\n②[德]马克思恩格斯：《费尔巴哈》，人民出版社1988年版，第9—10页。\n\n478","previous_page":477,"next_page":479}