{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","uuid":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","normalized_title":"回到马克思经济学语境中的哲学话语第四版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","isbns":["9787214205940","9783050033501","9783050033518","9783050042817","9783050033532","9783110485776","9783110457605","9783050033549","9783050033556","9783050033563","9783050033570","9783050036106","9783110517675","9783050033587","9783050033594","9783050045887","9783050033600","9783050033617","9783050033624","9783050033631","9783050033648","9783050033655","9783050046747","9783050034829","9783050045931","9783050042459","9783050033686","9783050060040","9783050042275","9783050033761","9783050038667","9783050033785","9783050033792","9783050033808","9783050033815","9783050033822","9783050041773","9783050041384","9783050041742","9783050037332","9783050037974","9783050033839","9783050033846","9783050033853","9783050033860","9783050033877","9783050033884","9783050033891","9783050033907","9783050034638","9783050034867","9783050041803","9783050049847","9783050036755","9783050060248","9783050033914","9783050033921","9783050033983","9783050033938","9783050061238","9783050033945","9783050033952","9783050033969","9783050033976","9783050034881","9783110517651","9783110583694","9783050046730","9783050033990","9783050034409"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":882,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%9B%9E%E5%88%B0%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%EF%BC%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%AD%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":514,"pdf_page":567,"physical_index":567,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"4b734bbcd33a32eca7d771990b3af1c1cb6bd419d5dc849debe3973e3ffa944f"},"chapter":"第六章 马克思科学世界观的理论建构","content":"这是在本书中第一次出现“事物化”(versachlichen)一词。事物化概念将在马克思以后的狭义历史唯物主义讨论中，成为关键性概念。在后面的讨论中，马克思批评施蒂纳时提到“竞争中的事物化(Versachlichung)”①。在马克思看来，施蒂纳“只是把一切现实的关系和现实的个人都预先宣布为异化的(如果暂时还借用一下这个哲学术语)，把这些关系和个人都变成关于异化的完全抽象的词句。这就是说，他的任务不是从现实的个人的现实异化和这种异化的经验条件中来描绘现实的个人，他的做法又是：用关于异化、异物、圣物的空洞思想来代替一切纯经验关系的发展”②。“纯经验关系的发展”这一表述十分重要，这是马克思对自己此时实证批判逻辑的指认，与施蒂纳仍然停留在人本主义的“关于异化、异物、圣物的空洞思想”相对照，马克思这里的思考呈现了一种根本的异质性。我注意到，苏联学者达维多夫提出了《德意志意识形态》中分工与异化的关系，但他的讨论还缺乏清晰的界说和具体的文本分析。③\n\n我以为，上述这种分析思路意味着马克思试图走向真实历史的一种全新的方向，固然这种努力还是不够成熟的，然而，虽仅是惊鸿一瞥，但已预示着新的希望。马克思接着阐述了一个新的结论，即消灭异化与分工的必要条件。为了能够更具体地彰显这个结论与人本主义逻辑结果的异质性，我们暂时中断此处的文本分析，先来看一下马克思思路2的具体历史逻辑布展，即从分工出发来观察社会历史不同所有制的客观描述，然后我们将在这一研讨进程的结尾重新回到这个中断处。\n\n2. 分工与历史发生的四种社会所有制形式\n\n首先是马克思在第五手稿中的一段历史性分析。它主要说明了以前的三种所有制形式。应该说明两点：一是马克思此时并不知道还存在一个没有阶级和所有制的原始共同体；二是马克思此处描述的仅仅是西欧的经济社会发展史线索。此时，他还没有注意到一种非西方中心论的全景式的历史发展图景。马克思在文本的写作顺序上，先完成了关于资产阶级社会所有制的历史分析(第一卷第三章中的论述，后来在修改文本时将这一论述选用在第一章第三手稿中)，然后才在第五手稿中补充了这一部分的描述。为了阐述的需要，我们在此颠倒了原有的写作顺序。\n\n马克思主义研究丛书·回到马克思\n\n①《马克思恩格斯全集》第3卷，人民出版社1960年版，第433页。参见Marx/Engels，Die deutsche Ideologie, MEW, Bd. 3, Text, Berlin: Dietz Verlag, 1969,S. 357.\n\n②《马克思恩格斯全集》第3卷，人民出版社1960年版，第316—317页。\n\n③参见[苏]达维多夫《新马克思主义与文化社会学问题》，莫斯科，1980年，第三章第五节。\n\n514","previous_page":513,"next_page":515}