{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","uuid":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","normalized_title":"回到马克思经济学语境中的哲学话语第四版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","isbns":["9787214205940","9783050033501","9783050033518","9783050042817","9783050033532","9783110485776","9783110457605","9783050033549","9783050033556","9783050033563","9783050033570","9783050036106","9783110517675","9783050033587","9783050033594","9783050045887","9783050033600","9783050033617","9783050033624","9783050033631","9783050033648","9783050033655","9783050046747","9783050034829","9783050045931","9783050042459","9783050033686","9783050060040","9783050042275","9783050033761","9783050038667","9783050033785","9783050033792","9783050033808","9783050033815","9783050033822","9783050041773","9783050041384","9783050041742","9783050037332","9783050037974","9783050033839","9783050033846","9783050033853","9783050033860","9783050033877","9783050033884","9783050033891","9783050033907","9783050034638","9783050034867","9783050041803","9783050049847","9783050036755","9783050060248","9783050033914","9783050033921","9783050033983","9783050033938","9783050061238","9783050033945","9783050033952","9783050033969","9783050033976","9783050034881","9783110517651","9783110583694","9783050046730","9783050033990","9783050034409"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":882,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%9B%9E%E5%88%B0%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%EF%BC%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%AD%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":524,"pdf_page":577,"physical_index":577,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"3d07c14206fff7773fc8c938482ca22b011f86ff2b68bf96d8f2417a249c0785"},"chapter":"第六章 马克思科学世界观的理论建构","content":"这是由于，资产阶级社会经济现实本身的“假象化”，不是观念的颠倒，而是经济现实本身在历史发生中的逐步变异和假象化。科西克后来称之为“伪具体世界”。②在这种历史发生学的变异中，资产阶级社会的本质(资本的生产关系)被遮蔽起来，交换关系仿佛成为主导性的东西，人与人的联系被历史地颠倒为事物与事物的关系并成为事实本身，而且不断地被神化。这就必然出现资产阶级的拜物教意识形态。人们在资产阶级社会经济现实中再也不能看到真相，只能执迷于外在的物相。这种迷误必然使所有资产阶级经济学家停下探索的脚步，然而他们的止步之处正是马克思必须拨开迷雾向前探索的出发点。可是，我不得不指出，在马克思写作《德意志意识形态》的时期，由于经济学研究进程本身的限制，他还不可能完全达到更高的理论水平。所以，在我们已经看到的第一章的手稿中，逻辑思路1是马克思对一般社会存在和本质的抽象表述，逻辑思路2则是他以科学的认识论尺度对现实经济运行的历史批判。但是由于这种批判认识论缺少认识资产阶级社会经济所必需的现象学逻辑而显得过于简单：生产力发展之上的分工引出经济与社会的客观矛盾对立，生产力的发展会在更高的层次上消失分工和对立。\n\n马克思后来指出，人体是解剖猴体的钥匙。在这个比喻里，人体是指最复杂的经济关系与运行机制(大工业的最高观测点，今天的“人体”是信息社会中的数码存在)，具体地说，这个“人体”也就是李嘉图在经济学意义上对大工业经济关系的抽象，而猴体则是前资产阶级社会的社会关系和运动，即古代→重商主义→重农主义→斯密的经济抽象。梅林指出，历史唯物主义“只有在人类历史的一定高点上才能揭穿它的秘密”①。他的这个评价扼喉抚背，甚为精当。可见，只有当马克思的经济学研究水平能够和李嘉图的经济学研究所达到的历史最高水平并驾齐驱时，他才可能第一次从大工业(“人体”)中真实地解剖全部史前社会(“猴体”)历史发展的本质和规律。这时，科学的政治经济学理论和历史唯物主义本身的历史确证才可能真正完成。马克思直到在1857—1858年经济学研究所实现的新的思想革命中，才终于攻下这个堡垒。\n\n马克思主义研究丛书·回到马克思\n\n①马克思在1857—1858年的经济学科学建构中才真实形成对这一点的认知，也由此才完成历史唯物主义更深一层的具体的、历史形成的抽象，同时再一次建构了科学的历史现象学的内在批判。\n\n②参见[捷]科西克《具体的辩证法》，傅小平译，社会科学文献出版社1989年版，第6—9页。\n\n524","previous_page":523,"next_page":525}