{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","uuid":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","normalized_title":"回到马克思经济学语境中的哲学话语第四版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","isbns":["9787214205940","9783050033501","9783050033518","9783050042817","9783050033532","9783110485776","9783110457605","9783050033549","9783050033556","9783050033563","9783050033570","9783050036106","9783110517675","9783050033587","9783050033594","9783050045887","9783050033600","9783050033617","9783050033624","9783050033631","9783050033648","9783050033655","9783050046747","9783050034829","9783050045931","9783050042459","9783050033686","9783050060040","9783050042275","9783050033761","9783050038667","9783050033785","9783050033792","9783050033808","9783050033815","9783050033822","9783050041773","9783050041384","9783050041742","9783050037332","9783050037974","9783050033839","9783050033846","9783050033853","9783050033860","9783050033877","9783050033884","9783050033891","9783050033907","9783050034638","9783050034867","9783050041803","9783050049847","9783050036755","9783050060248","9783050033914","9783050033921","9783050033983","9783050033938","9783050061238","9783050033945","9783050033952","9783050033969","9783050033976","9783050034881","9783110517651","9783110583694","9783050046730","9783050033990","9783050034409"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":882,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%9B%9E%E5%88%B0%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%EF%BC%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%AD%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":604,"pdf_page":657,"physical_index":657,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"05a6ef3e40a59c89ad2f678a82b10ec77f6cd73c392e62d0606a3125512814c0"},"chapter":"第八章 《1857—1858年经济学手稿》与历史唯物主义","content":"的思考语境。①\n\n在马克思这里的研究中，直接性的经验描述是无效的，描述只能达到现象层面，而无法透视现象背后的东西，即物相背后被颠倒的人之本质(“类”)关系。这种关系，只能通过非直接的科学抽象才能把握。②再如资本一般与现实的资本。资本一般是抽象的“一”，现实的资本是具体的“多”。前者是不变的本质，后者是竞争中的变化和表现；前者是“本真”，后者是颠倒(后来在《资本论》中，马克思扬弃了“资本一般”这个具有局限性的概念)；等等。\n\n所以，在一定的意义上，马克思是坚决反对一切非历史的抽象性的。因此，马克思这里的抽象就不是黑格尔(柏拉图以来)的观念的“一”，费尔巴哈的人类本质的“一”，也不是古典经济学的价值的“一”，而是这些“二”历史性的形成，历史性的发展，历史的权力统治和历史的消失。马克思通过自己政治经济学中的剩余价值理论，轻而易举地解决了这一问题。目前西方社会中的后现代思潮也在批“一”，但他们架空了这种资本主义工业经济的主导性，因而是反动的。因为当今世界同一性的现实基础是资本的国际化。在这一点上，杰姆逊的分析是正确的。③实际上，对于《德意志意识形态》中的“世界历史”的研究而言，只有弄清楚了剩余价值一资本的世界性(以太的“一”)，才可能懂得“一”的哲学本质。但马克思当时并没有注意到，这个以太对世界而言却是西方中心主义的殖民性。后来的历史进程证明马克思的这种认知是卓有远见的，资本不可阻挡地向全球挺进。这也是今天所谓“全球化”的真正意义。这是我们以后要讨论的问题了。\n\n马克思主义研究丛书·回到马克思\n\n①此段文字为本书作者第三版所加。\n\n②青年卢卡奇将其表述为“中介的方法”，以区别于资产阶级的“直接性方法”，他对此的相关论述是有道理的。但当卢卡奇把“中介性”直接指认为马克思科学批判学说的本质时，这种判断又不够准确。参见[匈]卢卡奇《历史与阶级意识》，杜章智、任立、燕宏远译，商务印书馆1992年版，第236—237页。\n\n③参见[美]詹明信(即杰姆逊)《晚期资本主义的文化逻辑》，张旭东等译，三联书店1997年版，第17页。\n\n604","previous_page":603,"next_page":605}