{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","uuid":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","normalized_title":"回到马克思经济学语境中的哲学话语第四版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","isbns":["9787214205940","9783050033501","9783050033518","9783050042817","9783050033532","9783110485776","9783110457605","9783050033549","9783050033556","9783050033563","9783050033570","9783050036106","9783110517675","9783050033587","9783050033594","9783050045887","9783050033600","9783050033617","9783050033624","9783050033631","9783050033648","9783050033655","9783050046747","9783050034829","9783050045931","9783050042459","9783050033686","9783050060040","9783050042275","9783050033761","9783050038667","9783050033785","9783050033792","9783050033808","9783050033815","9783050033822","9783050041773","9783050041384","9783050041742","9783050037332","9783050037974","9783050033839","9783050033846","9783050033853","9783050033860","9783050033877","9783050033884","9783050033891","9783050033907","9783050034638","9783050034867","9783050041803","9783050049847","9783050036755","9783050060248","9783050033914","9783050033921","9783050033983","9783050033938","9783050061238","9783050033945","9783050033952","9783050033969","9783050033976","9783050034881","9783110517651","9783110583694","9783050046730","9783050033990","9783050034409"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":882,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%9B%9E%E5%88%B0%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%EF%BC%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%AD%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":61,"pdf_page":114,"physical_index":114,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"21ab2670bbcdba83b05247dbe6833805487d3f3e802e87fd957cc11a29b74f95"},"chapter":"第一章青年马克思初次面对经济学的支援背景","content":"从严格意义上说，古典经济学的发展正是在这一层面上走向从斯密到李嘉图的逻辑线索的。在这一层面，社会关系已不是对应于人的商品通过交换而实现的环节，也不是对应于简单的人与人之间关系的层面，而是对应于资本本身所具有的全面事物化了的生产关系特性。这才是现代资产阶级社会文明中凸现出来的真正彻底的现代性的社会存在。在《政治经济学及赋税原理》一书中，李嘉图纠正了斯密在劳动价值论中不彻底的一面，正确区分了财富与价值，批判了萨伊混淆交换价值与使用价值的根本错误。①李嘉图关注了资本在生产过程中的投入和转移以及客观形成的利润平均化②，确证了社会关系是在资本生产自身发展过程中所出现的事物化的客观关系。他以考察分配关系为名，实际上却是要揭示最适合资产阶级社会发展需要的生产关系，并将这种生产关系看作是统一世界历史的客观强力：“它使劳动得到最有效和最经济的分配；同时，由于增加生产总额，它使人们都得到好处，并以利害关系和相互交往的共同纽带把文明世界各民族结合成一个统一的社会”③。这是资产阶级社会世界历史霸权(换用今天的话语即全球化!)在现代最重要的宣言。于是，分配关系在李嘉图那里事实上成为生产关系的特定隐喻。④我以为，社会关系的这一深刻层面，显然不是萨伊等庸俗经济学家甚至斯密所能达及的。而这恰恰是与马克思1857—1858年深化了的历史唯物主义生产关系概念的通约之处，而在1845—1846年的《德意志意识形态》中，马克思并没有抵达这一深度，这一复杂的论点我们将在第八章中讨论。马克思后来科学的生产关系首先不是指向在经济活动中人与人之间的商品交换关系，而是指实实在在的生产过程中所建构出来的基始性生产关系。我们不难发现，李嘉图这里隐喻性的生产关系实际上就是指生产价值的资本的关系，“资本只有作为一种关系”，才生产价值。请注意，这一点和第一、二层级社会唯物主义中的通过交换关系所建构出的社会关系是不一样的，这是在理论深度上重要的异质之点。\n\n第一章 青年马克思初次面对经济学的支援背景\n\n①特拉西(Destutt de Tracy，1754—1836)，法国经济学家、思想家。\n\n61","previous_page":60,"next_page":62}