{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","uuid":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","normalized_title":"回到马克思经济学语境中的哲学话语第四版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","isbns":["9787214205940","9783050033501","9783050033518","9783050042817","9783050033532","9783110485776","9783110457605","9783050033549","9783050033556","9783050033563","9783050033570","9783050036106","9783110517675","9783050033587","9783050033594","9783050045887","9783050033600","9783050033617","9783050033624","9783050033631","9783050033648","9783050033655","9783050046747","9783050034829","9783050045931","9783050042459","9783050033686","9783050060040","9783050042275","9783050033761","9783050038667","9783050033785","9783050033792","9783050033808","9783050033815","9783050033822","9783050041773","9783050041384","9783050041742","9783050037332","9783050037974","9783050033839","9783050033846","9783050033853","9783050033860","9783050033877","9783050033884","9783050033891","9783050033907","9783050034638","9783050034867","9783050041803","9783050049847","9783050036755","9783050060248","9783050033914","9783050033921","9783050033983","9783050033938","9783050061238","9783050033945","9783050033952","9783050033969","9783050033976","9783050034881","9783110517651","9783110583694","9783050046730","9783050033990","9783050034409"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":882,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%9B%9E%E5%88%B0%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%EF%BC%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%AD%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":684,"pdf_page":737,"physical_index":737,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"666ba2961713c547387bbff71697d112756605d736cf1fcdf314cfe29d9ed95c"},"chapter":"第九章 经济学语境中的历史现象学","content":"马克思所解决的问题是，在资本与劳动这一交换结束之后，真实的社会关系其实发生在生产过程中。马克思要证明，资本主义社会中表面的平等交换下掩盖着实质上的不平等。首先，\n\n因为同活劳动能力(Arbeitsvermögens)相交换的那一部分资本，第一，本身是没有支付等价物而被占有的他人的劳动，第二，它必须由劳动能力附加一个剩余额来偿还，也就是说，这一部分资本实际上并没有交出去，而只是从一种形式变为另一种形式。可见，交换的关系完全不存在了，或者说，成了纯粹的假象。②\n\n资本家用以交换劳动的东西，本身就是他人劳动的对象化结果，因为它要获得一种对等的补偿，所以，它只是换了一个方式回到自身，或者说是根本“没有交出去”。所以，资本家参与交换的前提是根本不存在的。\n\n其次，在社会历史进程中，所有权的出现最初是以自己的劳动为基础的。而现在资本主义经济关系中的所有权却深刻地表现为占有他人劳动的权利，表现为劳动不能占有它自己的产品。我们能看到，这同样是在说明资本主义经济关系，但是，与《1844年手稿》相比，马克思这里的讨论是一种更加科学的分析。马克思认为，这必然导致一个更重要的结果，“生产过程和价值增殖过程的结果，首先是资本和劳动的关系本身的，资本家和工人的关系本身的再生产和新生产。这种社会关系，生产关系，实际上是这个过程的比其物质结果更为重要的结果”①。\n\n马克思主义研究丛书·回到马克思\n\n①《马克思恩格斯全集》第 47卷，人民出版社 1979年版，第123 页。参见 Karl Marx，Zur Kritik der politischen Ökonomie (Manuskript 1861 - 1863), Marx-Engels-Gesamtausgabe (MEGA2), II/3-1, Text, Berlin: Dietz Verlag, 1976,S. 99。\n\n②《马克思恩格斯全集》第46卷上册，人民出版社1979年版，第455页。\n\n684","previous_page":683,"next_page":685}