{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","id":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","uuid":"5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title":"回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语（第四版）","normalized_title":"回到马克思经济学语境中的哲学话语第四版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214205940","isbns":["9787214205940","9783050033501","9783050033518","9783050042817","9783050033532","9783110485776","9783110457605","9783050033549","9783050033556","9783050033563","9783050033570","9783050036106","9783110517675","9783050033587","9783050033594","9783050045887","9783050033600","9783050033617","9783050033624","9783050033631","9783050033648","9783050033655","9783050046747","9783050034829","9783050045931","9783050042459","9783050033686","9783050060040","9783050042275","9783050033761","9783050038667","9783050033785","9783050033792","9783050033808","9783050033815","9783050033822","9783050041773","9783050041384","9783050041742","9783050037332","9783050037974","9783050033839","9783050033846","9783050033853","9783050033860","9783050033877","9783050033884","9783050033891","9783050033907","9783050034638","9783050034867","9783050041803","9783050049847","9783050036755","9783050060248","9783050033914","9783050033921","9783050033983","9783050033938","9783050061238","9783050033945","9783050033952","9783050033969","9783050033976","9783050034881","9783110517651","9783110583694","9783050046730","9783050033990","9783050034409"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":882,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%9B%9E%E5%88%B0%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%EF%BC%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%AD%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/5ee3a9c1-a919-4a39-8a32-f28ae74111d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":99,"pdf_page":152,"physical_index":152,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"e4b49dee81fbb1c6d991f944fbcdeba88c76965294cc034ac475e5d458aaee5f"},"chapter":"第一章青年马克思初次面对经济学的支援背景","content":"西斯蒙第认为，每个人在生产中仅仅追逐自己的利益，这就必然在经济生活总体上造成资产阶级社会这种自由社会的无政府状态和盲目发展。这也是财富学派鼓吹的那种自由放任和自由竞争的现实前提。他们总是这样假设，社会能够在个人自己的利己活动中形成客观的调节，即“自发地修补它所受到的损害”。在西斯蒙第看来，这是不现实的。因为人们在市场中面临的实际情况是：其一，“生产无节制的增长，这种增长并不是由市场的需求决定的”；其二，“当工业超过消费的需要时，便出现困难和痛苦，市场便发生壅塞；以及生产财富生产得过多时，所有参加劳动的人便备尝困苦”。②更重要的是，由此必然引发生产过剩的经济危机。西斯蒙第还注意到，在当前资产阶级社会经济发展的进程中，这种破坏生产力的危机爆发的周期正在大大缩短，从过去几年一次，发展到几个月或几个星期一次。③也正由于此，西斯蒙第才提出要重视国家的调节和指导，并且主张一种有限生产论。在他看来，“如果由于技巧和工具的不断完善，生产能力还是不断提高，那么很快就会到达这样一个阶段，数量应该停止增长，而把力量用在改善质量上”，然而质量的改善也会有一定的限度，“因此，生产是有限度的，不能逾越”。④请注意，西斯蒙第这里的观点与黑格尔类似的思想是根本异质的，前者是从小生产的利益要求限制生产发展来延缓矛盾，后者则是从进一步的客观历史发展中自觉地解决矛盾。这也是一个重要的逻辑思路上的对比。在这种复杂的语境之中，我们就容易看清马克思后来关于社会主义的计划经济论的逻辑线索。\n\n需要指出的是，青年马克思在1844年前后读过西斯蒙第的著作，这可能是受到蒲鲁东影响的结果，而西斯蒙第则是蒲鲁东思想的重要基础之一。\n\n第一章 青年马克思初次面对经济学的支援背景\n\n①瑞士]西斯蒙第：《政治经济学研究》第1卷，胡尧步译，商务印书馆1989年版，第53页。\n\n②参见[瑞士]西斯蒙第《政治经济学研究》第1卷，胡尧步译，商务印书馆1989年版，第79页。\n\n③参见[瑞士]西斯蒙第《政治经济学研究》第2卷，胡尧步译，商务印书馆1989年版，第130页。\n\n④参见[瑞士]西斯蒙第《政治经济学研究》第1卷，胡尧步译，商务印书馆1989年版，第95—96页。\n\n99","previous_page":98,"next_page":100}