{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356","title":"十五至十八世纪的物质文明、经济和资本主义 第3卷 世界的时间","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787100130547","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356","id":"6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356","uuid":"6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356","title":"十五至十八世纪的物质文明、经济和资本主义 第3卷 世界的时间","normalized_title":"十五至十八世纪的物质文明经济和资本主义第3卷世界的时间","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787100130547","isbns":["9787100130547"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":949,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94%E8%87%B3%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA%E7%9A%84%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E%E3%80%81%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%92%8C%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%20%E7%AC%AC3%E5%8D%B7%20%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9A%84%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356/search"},"page":{"printed_page":197,"pdf_page":217,"physical_index":217,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"598a842efee174ad5fe5896bde476dfef32b86f5497d180568661ed4773d0f3f"},"chapter":"第二章","content":"我还有一点怀疑，虽然作为后人，我在回顾历史时，十分佩服热那亚人的聪明和机敏。但依靠聪明取胜，原则上只能偶一为之，不能长期成为比别人机敏的商人独占的专利。\n\n其实，热那亚的活动方式很多，这些活动也正赖其多种多样而久盛不衰：白银买卖，黄金交易，汇兑往来。热那亚人不仅必须把白银抓到手里——或者通过他们与国王签订的借款契约规定的白银输送，318或者依靠他们历来以塞维利亚为据点而组织的走私319——他们还必须把这些白银卖出。可能有两种买主:或者是葡萄牙人，或者是威尼斯、佛罗伦萨等从事勒旺贸易的意大利城市，但以后者居多。正是出于这个原因，勒旺贸易再度繁荣兴旺，香料和胡椒在阿勒颇和开罗重新大量上市，转口的丝绸在地中海东部诸港的贸易中占重要地位。威尼斯和佛罗伦萨用北欧诸国的汇票把这批白银买下，两城市与北欧的贸易还处于顺差地位。320\n\n根据卡洛·西博拉的计算，“鲁吉”(luoghi，圣乔治商行的终身年金债券，息率可变)的实际息率曲线。参见《关于息率历史之浅见》一文，载《国际经济》，1952年。息率急剧下跌，到17世纪初，已降至1.2%。(详细情形请参看布罗代尔：《地中海和菲力浦二世时代的地中海世界》，第2卷，第45页。)\n\n第二章 城市统治下的欧洲旧经济：威尼斯以前和以后的情况\n\n197","previous_page":196,"next_page":198}