{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356","title":"十五至十八世纪的物质文明、经济和资本主义 第3卷 世界的时间","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787100130547","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356","id":"6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356","uuid":"6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356","title":"十五至十八世纪的物质文明、经济和资本主义 第3卷 世界的时间","normalized_title":"十五至十八世纪的物质文明经济和资本主义第3卷世界的时间","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787100130547","isbns":["9787100130547"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":949,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94%E8%87%B3%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA%E7%9A%84%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E%E3%80%81%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%92%8C%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%20%E7%AC%AC3%E5%8D%B7%20%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9A%84%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6082819c-3c9b-4520-a23b-d8322f7d6356/search"},"page":{"printed_page":451,"pdf_page":471,"physical_index":471,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"8b3fec51f7b4d27944cf958a318d763358d9e78e10c4a5faeebd92fc054d6df6"},"chapter":"第四章","content":"英国对葡贸易的盈余后来发生逆转，来自巴西的黄金因而断档或者减少，英国于是走向合乎逻辑的下一阶段：纸币阶段。这同样不是偶然的。随着英国逐渐接近，最终抵达世界中心位置，它与全盛时期的荷兰一样对贵金属的需求有所减少；方便的，几乎能自动取得的信贷使它的支付手段成倍增长。1774年，在美国独立战争前夜，英国听任它的金币和银币流向国外。它对这一初看很不正常的形势处之泰然:英国国内的高层货币流通已由英格兰银行和私人银行的银行券承担；夸张一点说，金银已降为次等角色。纸币(法国人早就使用这个简短而方便的词，伊萨克·品托对此大为恼火)288之所以取得决定性地位，是因为英国在取代了阿姆斯特丹后变成全世界交换的汇合点，不妨说全世界的交换都在英国结算。作为过去时代的交换汇合地点，交易会曾有过类似的集中现象，广泛应用信贷而不是现金。英国只不过赋予旧的解决方案以新的规模，于是涌向英国的票据多于贝桑松交易会，甚至与阿姆斯特丹不相上下。\n\n312\n\n第四章 民族市场\n\n451","previous_page":450,"next_page":452}