{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","title":"理性的权威","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532763450","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","id":"6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","uuid":"6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","title":"理性的权威","normalized_title":"理性的权威","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532763450","isbns":["9787532763450"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":171,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%83%E5%A8%81","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d/search"},"page":{"printed_page":10,"pdf_page":18,"physical_index":18,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"bd2d6e780b24c4d8d42107c05370d1d66440c7201a6f0ad048d21f4834f2bec9"},"chapter":"The Last Word理性的权威","content":"无论这些诊断是坦率的怀疑论的，还是随和的还原论的，它们对强理性主义的—柏拉图主义或笛卡儿主义的理想提出了质疑。它们也许会指向某个种特定领域，如法律的、伦理的或科学的理性，或者采取更为普遍的形式。另一更具理论兴趣的进一步特征涉及这种批评性诊断显示出在理性标签下，什么正在真实地发生着变化。理性声称提供了一种不仅超越社会，还超越个人的方法。对这种理性主义概念的批评则认为这种双重超越是不可能的，或者认为那些被诉求的东西事实上只是社会的、智力的或道德的共同体所共享的实践的一个方面(也许是一个特别深刻的方面)，或者认为它是一种相当深刻、但却又只是个体反应的一种特征。无论就哪一种情况而言，这种无条件的普遍权威性的主张都是没有依据的。\n\n正如我已指明的，这种批评也能在理性主义的框架内提出来。这时人们将仅仅指出对于一种结论的特定的所谓的理性辩护实际上是不成立的，但同时又假定理性辩护之类的事情确实是可能的。这一策略在目标逐渐扩大时仍然是适用的。即使某人对某一完整思想领域中理性化的主张表示怀疑，他仍可对此主张赋予普遍的有效性，甚至在他批评的过程中依赖它。但是我也想探讨由这种最广泛的攻击而引出的问题，我探讨是基于这一立场：即在我们身上，不可能发现这样一种具有普遍应用性与有效性的功能以检验和支持我们的判断。\n\n010\n\n理性的权威\n\n①我在 The View from Nowhere (Oxford University Press,1986)一书中探讨了这一三角关系，pp.68-69。","previous_page":9,"next_page":11}