{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","title":"理性的权威","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532763450","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","id":"6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","uuid":"6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","title":"理性的权威","normalized_title":"理性的权威","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532763450","isbns":["9787532763450"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":171,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%83%E5%A8%81","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d/search"},"page":{"printed_page":152,"pdf_page":160,"physical_index":160,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"a85292b086b35e35c5dd54b296ec5edb88480593298183f552e46914e943ef7c"},"chapter":"The Last Word理性的权威","content":"2\n\n诺奇克在他新的著作《合理性的本质》(TheNatureofRationality)①中表达了对于人类理性的进化的解释。他所说的属于自然化认识论的范围，但他却用进化的假说来解释理性的某些局限性及其成功性。他打算将康德关于事实对于理性的依赖性颠倒过来。\n\n理性是随事实而变的一个变量，它是依靠事实而得到塑造，它对事实的依赖性解释了它们之间的相关与对应。我们的进化假说所提出的正是这样一种选择。理性之所以能够表明实在就是因为实在塑造了理性，选择了那些看上去是“显而易见的”的东西。②\n\n尽管这一论点的进一步发展是特别有趣的，但我不想谈及其中的细节，而是希望谈一下这个假说所处的地位。以下是诺奇克的元评论：\n\n进化的解释其本身部分地就是应用理性去支持一般的进化论以及这一特定应用的结果。从而，这就未能为理性提供一种其本身是独立于理性的辩护，而且，尽管其将理性奠基于不依赖于理性的事实，但若是不依靠我们的理性，我们就无法接受这样一种奠基的工作。从而，这一解释就并非第一哲学的一个部分，而是我们当今的流行的科学观点的一个部分。①\n\n152\n\n理性的权威\n\n① Princeton University Press, 1993.\n\n② The Nature of Rationality, p. 112.","previous_page":151,"next_page":153}