{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","title":"理性的权威","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532763450","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","id":"6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","uuid":"6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","title":"理性的权威","normalized_title":"理性的权威","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532763450","isbns":["9787532763450"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":171,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%83%E5%A8%81","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d/search"},"page":{"printed_page":157,"pdf_page":165,"physical_index":165,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"2f69e7b8934dcacdf24da15513fc6d75ba7175d2b9b5fabc84a4129dc6c98e54"},"chapter":"The Last Word理性的权威","content":"我假设这是可能的，即理性化—对客观地有效的理由与论证的认识能力是诸多生物可能性中可以清楚地加以辨别的一个因素，是在生物复杂性发展到了足够高的水平以后成为可能的这种可能性要比建立在随机变异与自然选择基础之上的预测大得多。正如分子的可能性或者意识的可能性，理性化的可能性也许同样是自然规则的最为基本的一个特征。①因此，在这样的意义上将我们自己看成既是理性的、同时又是通过达尔文主义的进化而得到创造的一种生物就并非是不一致的。另一方面，正如我先前已经说过的，就一般理解的进化论而言，这绝不能为这一关于我们自己的概念提供任何支持，恰恰相反，这甚至在一定程度上使人对这一概念产生了怀疑。②\n\n七进化的自然主义和宗教的恐惧\n\n157\n\n①但正如MarkJohnston向我所指出的,如果有人问，“自然规则为什么会使理性生物的出现成为可能的？”对此就很难想象出任何非目的论的解答。\n\n②Philip Kitcher同样也反对关于推理过程的进化论辩护；见TheAdvancement of Science,Oxford University Press,1993,pp.300–301。此书主要是反对Kuhn所引发的(Kuhn-inspired)相对主义,值得肯定的是它超常的耐心以及关于科学进步的历史实例的详细研究。","previous_page":156,"next_page":158}