{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","title":"理性的权威","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532763450","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","id":"6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","uuid":"6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","title":"理性的权威","normalized_title":"理性的权威","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532763450","isbns":["9787532763450"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":171,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%83%E5%A8%81","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6254e091-fea7-4580-ad1e-08ddba85762d/search"},"page":{"printed_page":77,"pdf_page":85,"physical_index":85,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"7e5cfeea965f27efb30763b20e1f6a890b1470835bec67cf9cdbb277f36dcf2f"},"chapter":"The Last Word理性的权威","content":"这正是关于理性的范围的议题的焦点所在，包括了非个人思想的那些普遍形式或方法，无论它们是什么，总是指那些在每一条探究与寻找辩护的道路上我们所最终到达的东西，以及那些我们最终不能仅仅认为是我们观点中最为可靠的方面。我一直在讨论特定的逻辑的和算术的例子，但理性的真实性质并不能在关于“基本”命题的信念之中、甚至也不能在如何进行推断的一组程序或规则之中去寻找，而是存在于任何一个不能被替代的思想形式之中。①\n\n这不意味着“对我来说没有其他选择”，或“对我们而言没有其他选择”。这意味着“没有其他选择”的时期。这暗示着普遍有效性。那些不能被替代的事情可能包含了某些特定的信念，但就一般而言它并不具有这种性质。毋宁说，这即是指关于方法与思想形式的这样一个框架，只要我们对特定命题提出疑问时，这种框架会反复地出现。甚至对被认为是心理或社会现象的我们智力与语言实践的最普遍思想而言，这一框架也是其中一个组成部分。与其说逻辑是建立于共同体成员对判断和用法的赞同之上，还不如说，这种赞同，只要存在，必须依据我们大家都认可的逻辑的有效性来解释。\n\n四 逻 辑\n\n077\n\n①参见DavidWiggins关于如下思想的祈求：“除去P(例如，7+5=12)以外，事实上无须想到任何其他的事情。”“Moral Cognitivism，MoralRelativism andMotivatingMoral Beliefs\",Proceedings ofthe AristotelianSociety 91 (1990—1991),pp.66f.","previous_page":76,"next_page":78}