{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","title":"帝国：全球化的政治秩序","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214049100","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","id":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","uuid":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","title":"帝国：全球化的政治秩序","normalized_title":"帝国全球化的政治秩序","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214049100","isbns":["9787214049100"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":416,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E7%A7%A9%E5%BA%8F","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/search"},"page":{"printed_page":13,"pdf_page":31,"physical_index":31,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"d99a929068374ac541502f288619a5548823141c50203c243a9c1bab62ded67d"},"chapter":"第一章 世界秩序","content":"然而，今日的正义战争概念远远超出了对古代和中世纪概念的简单重复。今日，这一概念的内容中已有了一些根本性的创新。从任何意义上讲，正义战争都已不再仅限于自卫或抵抗，虽然从圣奥古斯丁到反宗教改革运动中的经院派基督教传统曾那样界定它，把它视为“世俗之城”保障自身生存的需要。它已变成一种自已为自己提供合法性的活动。在正义战争这一概念中融入了两种鲜明的成分：首先，只要有伦理依据，军事设施就具有合法性；其次，以军事行动去取得欲求的秩序和和平是一种行之有效的做法。这两种成分的合成物确实可成为一个关键性要素，它将决定帝国的基础和新传统。在今天，敌手像战争一样，同时被庸俗化(被贬低为警察力量进行日常压制的对象)和绝对化(被视为普遍意义上的敌人，对伦理秩序的绝对威胁)。关于正义战争概念的这种新认识，或许海湾战争已向我们提供了第一个明白无误的例证。①正义战争概念的复活或许还只是帝国将要出现的一个迹象，可这个迹象本身影响是何等之巨大，含义又是何等之深刻！\n\n第一章 世界秩序\n\n① 读者可参阅 Michael Walzer 的专著Just and Unjust Wars(New York; Basic Books, 1992)。“正义战争”概念在20世纪90年代的复苏在一系列文章中得到体现，这些文章收录在JeanBethke Elshtain 主编的论文集 Just War Theory(Oxford;Basil Blackwell,1992)中。\n\n② 在这甲，读者应当正确区分“jus ad bellum”(发动战争的权利)和“jus in bello”(战争中的法律)两种概念。请参阅 Walzer 的专著 Just and Unjust Wars，第 61- 63,90 页。\n\n13","previous_page":12,"next_page":14}