{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","title":"帝国：全球化的政治秩序","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214049100","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","id":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","uuid":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","title":"帝国：全球化的政治秩序","normalized_title":"帝国全球化的政治秩序","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214049100","isbns":["9787214049100"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":416,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E7%A7%A9%E5%BA%8F","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/search"},"page":{"printed_page":132,"pdf_page":150,"physical_index":150,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"476d694f83f5f20e836736447f6b435227688633bbde93d8c9612af737bd93ad"},"chapter":"第六章 殖民主权的辩证法","content":"然而，假如否定策略被赋予了非辩证的形式，出现于政治意义，而非文化意义上，回飞镖的时刻就会以另一种面貌出现。举例而言，范农就拒绝接受黑人文化政治和黑人同一性的觉醒，他提出以有形暴力进行革命反抗。最初造成暴力的是殖民主义：殖民者对殖民地人民进行征服和剥削。接下来，暴力出现于被殖民者对殖民者暴力的回应中。在殖民地社会环境中，这种暴力可呈现出各种各样的畸变形式。“被殖民者首先会向他自己的同胞展示加注到他身上的侵略性。”①存在于殖民地人口间的暴力有时被认为是古老氏族和宗教抗争的残余，然而实际上，它是殖民主义暴力的病态反映，它最常见的表现是迷信、神话和精神错乱。范农并未建议殖民地人民逃离或回避暴力。殖民主义的运行使暴力永久存在，如果不直接面对暴力，它就会继续以各种毁灭性、病态的形式表现出来。范农医生建议，通向健康的惟一道路是反向暴力。②不仅如此，这也是通向解放的惟一道路。一个奴隶如果从不为自己的自由而斗争，如果他只能被动接受主人的许可，那他永远只能是个奴隶。这也正是马尔科姆·X提出的应对美国白人霸权的暴力的策略—反向力。③\n\n对范农和马尔科姆·X而言，这种反向暴力不会走向辩证综合：今日的斗争不会在明天的合谐的斗争中得到解决。公开的否定仅仅健康地表达了真实存在的对抗，表达了一种直接的力量关系。因为它并不是实现最终综合的途径，这种否定自身还不是政治，它仅仅提出一种同殖民主义分隔开的立场，为政治开辟出一片领域。真正的政治生成过程将发生在这一片开阔的力量之域中。\n\n政治学前沿系列·帝国\n\n②同上。\n\n① 参阅 Fanon 的 The Wretched of the Earth。\n\n③参阅 Malcolm X的文章“The Ballot or the Bullet”,收录入 Malcolm X Speaks(New York:Pathfinder,1989)。\n\n132","previous_page":131,"next_page":133}