{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","title":"帝国：全球化的政治秩序","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214049100","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","id":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","uuid":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","title":"帝国：全球化的政治秩序","normalized_title":"帝国全球化的政治秩序","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214049100","isbns":["9787214049100"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":416,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E7%A7%A9%E5%BA%8F","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/search"},"page":{"printed_page":263,"pdf_page":281,"physical_index":281,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"d86338dd5182a48000925ace5455ea823d3a53db4d39dbb70a5700886a4e82a2"},"chapter":"第十二章 抵抗、危机与改革","content":"通过向自己提问美国如何能在危机中始终保持它的霸权，我们可以对无产阶级这一决定性角色有初步的理解。答案大部分，也许似是而非地并不在于美国政治家或资本家是天才，而在于美国无产阶级的力量和创造性。早些时候从另一个角度，我们突出了越南抗战是各种斗争的象征中心，而今就国际资本主义控制的范式的转移，美国无产阶级显然是最为充分地表达出国际或多国工人的愿望和需求的主体角色。①相对于欧洲和其他地方来说，美国无产阶级由于它较低的党团与联盟的代表性而势力弱小；与这种大众的共识相反，也许我们应该因为同样的原因而视它为势力强壮。工人阶级力量并不体现在代表机构上，而是工人自身的对抗性与自主性。②这就是美国大工业工人阶级真正力量的标志。而且，无产阶级的创造性和冲突也体现在，也许更为重要地体现在工厂之外的劳动人口上。③为了理解美国霸权的延续性，引用美国资本主义对他国资产阶级所实施控制的关系并不是足够的。美国霸权实际上由对抗的美国无产阶级的力量所支撑着。看上去掌握在美国手中的新霸权在这一点上仍是有限的，并被关闭在规训性重构的旧体制之内。需要有一个范式的转换来设计政治与技术转换上的重建过程。换而言之，资本必须面对和回应无产阶级主体性的新生。这种主体性的新生达到了(并超越了我们业已提及的福利斗争)可能被称为的一种生态斗争的状态，即一种关于生活模式的斗争，它最终体现在非物质劳动的发展之中。\n\n第十二章抵抗、危机与改革\n\n①Fredric Jameson主张，20世纪60年代发生在第一世界尤其美法国家中的社会斗争延袭了(甚至源自)20世纪五六十年代发生在第三世界的强大的反殖民化和自由运动。FredricJameson, \"Periodizing the 60s,\"in Ideologies of Theory: Essays, 1971-1986 (Minneapolis: U-niversity of Minnesota Press,1988)。\n\n② Giovanni Arrighi, \"Marxist Century, American Centuny: The Making and Remaking of the World Labor Movement,\"见 Samir Amin, Giovanni Arrighi, Andre Gunder Frank 和 Immanuel Wallerstein, Transforming the Revolution : Social Movements and the World System (New York: Monthly Review Press)。\n\n③R.K.为无产阶级拒绝的动因以及在其奇妙的美国黑人工人阶级历史上交替的生活形成的创造提供了典型的记录, Race Rebels: Culture, Politics, and the Black Working Class(NewYork:Free Press,1994)。\n\n263","previous_page":262,"next_page":264}